June, 1940] Budget Analysis of Orchards 



Hundred Dollars 



10 



13 



45 



50 55 60 



20 25 30 35 40 



Age of Trees 



Figure 4. — Total Annual Cost of Labor, Materials and Land 

 FOR 1000 Permanent Trees. 



Planted 27 to the acre with land at different values. Land valued at $40 an acre 

 was considered standard for this study. 



HuNORco Dollars 



25 



10 



13 



20 



40 45 



50 55 



60 



23 30 35 



AoE OF Trefs 



Figure 5. — Total Annual Cost of Labor, Materials and Land 



FOR Planting Trees. 



Three methods of planting — 1000 permanent trees (27 to the acre) ; 500 permanents 



and 500 semi-permanent trees (54 to the acre) ; and 250 permanents, 250 semi- 



permanents and 500 filler trees (108 to the acre). 



The rate of wages where the operator does most of the work himself 

 is more nearly a residue after other costs have been accounted for. But 

 to take into consideration the fact that some growers have better alter- 

 native possibilities than others and also to take into account the differ- 

 ences in efHciency, a deviation from the standard curve was made on the 

 basis of 30 per cent increase in labor cost. This has been labeled the 

 high cost curve. (Fig. 6) Essentially this curve may be taken to repre- 

 sent the relative situation where the grower tends to putter along w4th the 

 various practices and has not organized his activities on a mass produc- 

 tion basis. The comparison can at least point out the need and the pos- 

 sibility of efficient management to those who put unnecessary labor on the 

 orchard. 



