MONKEYS 3 



from those of the New. The whole mass of apes of all 

 kinds is, for the purposes of study, grouped in two 

 families, each of which is considered as made up of 

 smaller groups termed " sub-families " ; and these again 

 of "genera," each genus containing certain different 

 kinds or species of apes. Now, no single kind of ape 

 which exists in America is found anywhere else ; so that 

 all the above-mentioned groups are similarly confined 

 either to the east or to the west of the Atlantic Ocean. 



The Old World has given rise to the chimpanzee, gorilla, 

 and orang, the long-armed apes, many long- tailed apes, 

 and every species of baboon. 



In the New World are found spider monkeys and 

 howling monkeys, sapajous and sakis, the gentle night 

 ape (dourocouli), the graceful squirrel monkeys, and those 

 charming pigmies of the monkey world, the little mar- 

 mosets. We have thus two great families of monkeys, 

 one including all the above from the chimpanzee to the 

 baboons ; the other comprising the i-emaining forms, 

 namely, from the spider monkeys to the marmosets. 



These two families of Old and New World apes diffei- 

 literally from head to tail. In most of those points in 

 which they differ, it is the Old World forms which are 

 the more like man ; but, nevertheless, in some respects 

 the Americans have progressed further than the denizens 

 of Africa and Asia. They have developed an additional 

 wisdom tooth, and no others can make so wise a use of 

 their tails. There seems to be no forest region in the 

 world comparable with that of Brazil ; for the dreary one 

 of Africa, described by Stanley, appears far inferior in 

 the development of its trees. But in Brazil, as Alfred 

 Wallace has so graphically described, forest is fitted to 

 and superimposed on forest. At a great height a waving 

 sea of verdure, rich with animal life, is spread out in the 



