BUDS. 15 



intended to fulfil in the development of the tree, their 

 connection with, and dependency upon other parts, and 

 the circmxistances under which thej can be made to ac- 

 complish specific pm'poses. 



Every bud contains the rudiments of, and is capable, 

 under favorable circumstances, of producing a new indi- 

 vidual similar to that on which it is borne. 



This fact is clearly demonstrated in the propagation of 

 trees by budding, where a single eye is removed from one 

 shoot and placed in the wood of another, to which it 

 unites and forms a new individual similar to its parent. 

 So in propagation by eyes, as in the grape vine, w^here a 

 single bud with a small portion of wood attached, becomes 

 a perfect plant. 



Every perfect bud we find on a young yearling tree or 

 shoot is capable of being developed into a branch. Na- 

 turally, they do not ; but we know that by the application 

 of art they can be readily forced to do so. 



For instance, the buds of a yearling tree, if left to take 

 their natural course, will only in part produce branches, 

 and these will generally be nearer to the extremities, 

 where they are the most excitable, being in closer con- 

 nection with the centre of vegetation : but we cause the 

 lower ones to develope branches, by cutting off those 

 above them to the extent that the particular character of 

 the species or variety, or of the buds themselves in respect 

 to vigor and vitality, may require. Hence it is that the 

 forms of trees are so completely under our control when 

 we possess the requisite knowledge of the character and 

 modes of vegetation of buds. 



2d. Different Names and Characters of Buds. — All buds 

 are either, 1st, terminal., as when on the points of shoots 

 ((7, fig. 19); 2d, axillary., when accompanied by a leaf 

 situated in the angle made by the projection of the leaf 

 from the shoot or branch {A B^ fig. 19) ; Sd, adventi- 



