37^1: DISEASES AND INSECTS. 



on the base of the trunk, near the collar, where the bark 

 is soft. There thej are hatched, and bore their way 

 under the bark of the tree, either in the stem or root, or 

 both, producing an eflusion of gum. Where trees are 

 already affected, the proper course is, to remove the earth 

 from around the collar of the root, clean away the gum, 

 destroy any cocoons that may be found, trace the grub 

 through its holes in the tree, and kill it ; then fill up 

 around the tree with fresh earth, and place a shovelful or 

 two of ashes around the base. One of the best orchards 

 in the vicinity of Kochester was at one time nearly 

 ruined by the prevalence of this grub, when it changed 

 projmetors, and the present one adopted and followed the 

 plan recommended above, until there is not the trace of 

 one left. The ashes or slaked lime should be a]3plied 

 every spring, and at the end of summer may be scattered 

 about the tree ; both ashes and lime form an excellent 

 dressing for the peach. 



12. The Bose Bug. — ^The eggs of this insect are laid in 

 the earth, where they are hatched, and from which the 

 bug emerges about the rose season. 



In some seasons and in some localities' they appear 

 like grasshoppers in vast multitudes, and commit extensive 

 ravages, not only on the rose but fruit trees, and all other 

 green things. Tliere is no other way known to combat 

 them, but to crush them with the hand — to spread cloths 

 around the trees, and shake them down on it, and kill 

 them. They are stupid, sluggish things, and fall as 

 though they had no life. 



In some cases fruit trees have been protected by cover- 

 ins: them with millinet. 



13. Leaf Boilers. — In May and June these insects may 

 be found on the leaves of fruit trees, and especially on the 

 pear ; they form themselves a sort of cocoon out of the 

 leaf. The leaves attacked by them should be removed and 



