December, 1909 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



275 



wine will be made in the near future in 

 this province, and will take one half of the 

 crop. Mr. Smith expressed the opinion that 

 co-operation in itself will not raise prices. 

 He stated that there are no middle men in 

 the business to-day except those absolutely 

 necessary to the collection, distribution and 

 sale of the crop. 



The premature marketing of grapes came 

 in for considerable discussion. Mr. Robt. 

 Thompson said that it would work its own 

 cure. The man who cuts early will get 

 less money than if he had waited a little 

 while. Prices will drop in two or three days 

 and stay down. Mr. M. Pettit thought 

 that it required more than education. He 

 believed that legislation is necessary to pre- 

 vent this kind of fraud. Mr. C. E. Bas- 

 sett said that the matter is within the con- 

 trol of co-operative associations as far as 

 their members are concerned. Such asso- 

 ciations find that it does not pay and they 

 will not open their cars early enough in the 

 season for the reception of green grapes. 

 Immature grapes at all seasons should be 

 refused. 



An interesting and instructive address 

 was given by Mr. D. K. Falvay, Westfield, 

 N.Y., on the subject "New York Grape 

 Growing Methods." A. portion of this ad- 

 dress appears elsewhere in this issue and 

 the remainder will be published later. 



PEACHES 



Pruning the peach was discussed by 

 Messrs. J. W. Smith, Winona, and Wm. 

 Armstrong, Queenston. The mam features 

 o! this discussion will appear later with 

 illustrations. A valuable address on "Prac- 

 tical Principles for Profitable Peach Pro- 

 duction" was given by Mr. C. E. Bassett, 

 Fennville, Mich. Soil and location, pre- 

 paration of soil, varieties, cultivation, prun- 

 ing, thinning, diseases, insects, fertilizers 



and cover crops were discussed by Mr. Bas- 

 sett. This address will be reported in full 

 in a later issue. Mr. J. L. Hilborn, of 

 Leamington, told of the reverses that peach 

 orcharding has met with in south-western 

 Ontario and pointed out the possibilities 

 of the future. This paper will appear in 

 full in another issue. 



PEARS 



Pear growing methods in New York Stat« 

 were described by Mr. J. R. Cornell, New- 

 burgh, N.Y. He said that . cultivation and 

 fertility are needed to produce fruit. Prun- 

 ing should not be practised too severely. 

 Under-prune rather than over-prune. Do 

 not head back too much. Thin out. The 

 worst enemy of the pear is the psylla. 

 Whale oil soap will keep this in control. 

 This paper will be reported at greater 

 length in another issue. 



"Profits in the Pear Orchard," was the 

 subject of an address by Mr. W. F. W. 

 Fisher, Burlington. This address will be 

 reported in full later. 



In an address on the marketing of ap- 

 ples, Mr. R. J. Graham, Belleville, said 

 that success depends upon finding profit- 

 able customers, upon making them perman- 

 ent and upon estal)lishing confidence. He 

 said that there are too many varieties in 

 the country. There are innumerable things 

 to learn and to know about marketing ap- 

 ples. The ideal condition is to make it 

 a matter between producer and consumer. 

 Buyers and dealers are necessary in moving 

 the crop. There is a splendid opportunity 

 to popularize our apples in Great Britain. 

 Though many thousands of barrels are ex- 

 ported only a small percentage of the popu- 

 lation of the British Isles eats Canadian 

 apples. Mr. Graham advocated the estab- 



lishment of a system of selling by hand carts 

 and hawkers. These could sell our apples 

 in three grades — three pence, two pence 

 and one penny a pound. If apples are treat- 

 ed properly and the supply is maintained 

 continuously this could be done. According 

 to Mr. Graham, the grower would get by 

 this system $3.70 net a barrel. 



In discussing the relative merits of boxes 

 and barrels, Mr. Graham said that we must 

 give the market what it wants both in pack- 

 age and in variety. Nothing should be 

 packed below No. 2. There is a market for 

 lower grades but they never snould be 

 packed and palmed off upon the public for 

 anything better. Apples should be sold 

 when they are wanted and not at any other 

 time. No one should sell varieties that are 

 out of season. 



In an address on "Getting Together," Mr. 

 Bassett elaborated upon the value of co- 

 operation and of central packing houses. He 

 said that it is a difficult thing to get good 

 men at the head of these concerns and in- 

 cidentally paid a high compliment to the 

 worth and work of Mr. Robt. Thompson of 

 the St. Catharines Cold Storage and For- 

 warding Company. Mr. Bassett said that 

 a good man should be paid a good salary. 

 Co-operative associations should not ex- 

 pect to secure a $10,000 man for $1,000. A 

 capable man will return to the growers many 

 thousands of dollars and, therefore, he 

 should get a share of it. The organized 

 grape growers of Lawton, Mich., received 

 on the average this season 2% cents a bas- 

 ket for their grapes more than the price re- 

 ceived by growers outside of the association. 

 Co-operation saves also in the buying of 

 supplies, including spraying materials and 

 apparatus, baskets, fertilizers and so on. 

 Mr. Bassett strongly advocated the estab- 

 lishment of co-operative fruit growers' as- 



Two Ideal Spray Fluic[s= VI and V2 



J. G. MITCHELL, ESQ., Secretary-Manager THE GEORGIAN BAY FRUIT 

 GROWERS, LIMITED, writing under date of November 13th, 1909, says:— 



"I consider your Spray Mixtures are very well adapted to 

 combat the Orchard Pests which we have to contend with." 



G. H. VROOM, ESQ., DOMINION FRUIT INSPECTOR FOR NOVA 

 SCOTIA, writing under date of October 30th. 1 909, says:— 



"I believe the Fluids are really good and effective against 

 Insects and Fungi." 



VI The Ideal Winter Spray V2 The Scientific Summer Spray 



Both require the addition of water only to be ready for instant use. 

 One gallon makes 100 gallons of mixture. 



Price $2.50 Per Imperial Gallon 



SOLE MANUFACTURERS 



WM. COOPER & NEPHEWS ""^^IS 



