December, 1909 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



279 



not permit their publication in full. Else- 

 where in this issxie appear the papers of 

 Miss M. E. Blacklock, of Toronto, on "Ar- 

 rangement of a Flower Garden," and Prof. 

 H. L. Hutt, on "Making the Work of Horti- 

 cultural Societies more Effective," The 

 report of the Nomenclature Committee 

 will be published in full at the first oppor- 

 tunity. A portion of it appears on another 

 page of this issue. 



SCHOOL GARDENS 



In the United States school gardening ia 

 of comparatively recent introduction, but 

 is spreading. School authorities are gener- 

 ally indifferent. In 1904 in Cleveland there 

 were four school gardens, three in school 

 yards and one in a vacant lot. In 1905 

 a department of school gardens was created 

 with Miss Miller as Curator. Now 36 school 

 yards have been improved and 25 others 

 are being planted this fall. These school 

 gardens have lessened vandalism and the 

 behaviour of the children is vastly improv- 

 ed. Mr. R. B. Whyte, Ottawa spoke of 

 work on similar lines done in Carleton 

 County through the benefactions of Sir W. 

 G. McDonald. 



Mr. C. C. James, Deputy Minister of 

 Agriculture in commenting on Miss Miller's 

 address, reminded the audience of the work 

 at the Broadview Boys' Institute in Toronto, 

 which is producing excellent results. An 

 English visitor stated that she had to come 

 to Canada to get pointers on such work 

 among boys. In New Brunswick there is 

 also a farm where weakly boys from the old 

 land are kept and brought i.uto good health 

 before being sent out to work on farms. 

 There seemed to be something in connection 

 with work on the land which acted as a re- 

 generating influence on mankind. 



Mr. R. F. Powell, Fairhope, Alabama, a 

 member of the Gardening Association of 

 America, spoke of the aims and aspirations 

 of that organization. At Detroit in 1894 

 vacant lots were beyond expectation. In 

 1897 the work was started in Philadelphia 

 and from a small beginning 700 to 800 famil- 

 ies were now helped by their cultivation of 

 these vacant lots. The lots were divided 



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into sizes of a quarter of an acre or any 

 size desired, and strict rules were laid down 

 to prevent trespassers, etc. Improved health 

 was also brought about by the people being 

 in the open air. In Buffalo, too, the good 

 work had been carried on, and beautiful 

 gardens now replace weeds and rubbish 

 heaps, and vigor is seen instead of pale faces 

 and il health. An increased improvement 

 is seen in the gardens every year, and rival- 

 ry is keen as to who shall have the best 

 garden. 



Mr. H. H. Groff, Simcoe, the well known 

 hybridist, spoke on "Physical Disintegra. 

 tion of the Tissues, or Natural Death of 

 Plants." While there is little difficulty in 

 perpetuating plants of vitality the moment 

 the experimenter tries to reproduce charac- 



teristics as to color or other desirable qual- 

 ities then the question of vitality becomes 

 acute. There is a theory that death of plants 

 is due to auto-intoxication, but this is based 

 on the fact that certain lower plants, as 

 bacteria and yeasts die by self produced 

 poison. Taking the gladiolus, color can be 

 reproduced up to 25 per cent, and quality 

 up to 75 per cent. The first strain on plant 

 is in flowering then in seed bearing, also in 

 intense cultivation. The latter often de- 

 velops tissue directly opposite to that mak- 

 ing for longevity. Field culture is more fav- 

 orable. In Canada gladioli are being pro- 

 duced superior in point of quality, variety, 

 and vigor, fully 90 per cent, ahead of the 

 old world. 

 "Improvement of Parks," was the theme 



ARE YOU SATISFIED 

 WITH A 20 ACRE CROP 

 FR0MA10 ACRE FARM? 



YOCJ know it costs as much in time, labor, seed and implements 

 to raise a poor crop as it does to raise a good one. You know 

 also that unless your land is kept constantly supplied with lime, 

 nitrogen and phosphates and the ingredients of barnyard manure it 

 becomes worn out and loses its fertility. 



You know further that it costs more, and trebles your labor, to 

 spread manure by hand than it does to use a well-made manure spreader. 

 Maybe you don't know that one load of manure evenly spread by 

 a mechanical spreader is worth four loads scattered by hand — 



And that your crop, whether rotation or continuous, will be 

 increased from 20 to 40 per cent by the use of an 



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I. H. C. spreaders are so simple in operation that a boy can do the 

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An I. H. C. spreader will save in time and labor more than 

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Your increased income from better crops will be clear profit. 



Scientific experiment has proved that this profit will vary from 

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You cannot afford to be a half-crop farmer and there is no reason 

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lOOK lOR THl I. H. C. IRID! MIKI. II IS > Sdl OF EICiUENCE HID I CUIHIIIUI Dl (IHIIIII 



