POINTS FROM WHICH THE PROPORTIONS ARE STUDIED. 369 



the horizon, as affirmed by General Morris. Again, let us give to each segment 

 its medium length, such as has been determined by the concordant observations 

 of MM. Colin, Neumann, Lemoigne, and our own, namely : 



For the shoulder 0.41 m. 



For tho arm 0.31 m. 



For the forearm 0.36 m. 



For the knee 0.05m. 



For the canon 0.24m. 



And for the phalangal segment 0.17 m. ~ 



Then project each region upon the vertical line ox, which means nothing 

 else than the height of the member above the ground. 



Finally, calculate the sides a, b, and c, which belong to the right-angled 

 isosceles triangles having for hypothenuses the recognized length of the shoulder, 

 the arm, and the phalanges. 



We will have : 



a = Y^^ = 0.28991 m. 



From which results 



2a 2 = (0.41) 2 . 

 Likewise, we will have : 



b = JgyS)* = 0<2 i920 m. and c = y&&- = 0.11313 m. 



2 2i 



Add the values of a, b, and c thus obtained to those of the vertical segments 

 which are projected in their actual length ; add to them 0.12 m. for the projec- 

 tion of the cartilage of prolongment, the thickness of the shoe, the hoof, the 

 articular cartilages, the skin, etc., and we will obtain the following results : 



VERTICAL HEIGHT, OX, OF THE ANTERIOR MEMBER ABOVE THE GROUND. 



Shoulder (a) 0.28991m. 



Arm (6) 0.21920 m. 



Forearm 0.36000m. 



Carpus 0.05000 m. 



Metacarpus 0.24000m. 



Phalanges (c) 0.11313 m. 



Cartilage of prolongation, shoe, hoof, etc 0.12000 m. 



Total height of the member 1.39224 m. 



The same calculations are applied to the posterior member according to the 

 following medium length (Fig. 133) : 



Ilium 0.26m. 



Femur 0.39 m. 



Tibia 0.36m. 



Tarsus 0.08 m. 



Metatarsus 0.28 m. 



Phalanges 0.17 m. 



24 



