126 FARM FRIENDS AND FARM FOES 



.purposes. The injured fruit is likely to fall to the ground. 

 Then the maggot leaves it and finds shelter in the soil or 

 in the rubbish at its surface. Here it changes to a pupa, 

 and remains until the following sea- 

 son when it emerges as an adult fly. 

 Thus there is but one brood each 

 year. 



Unfortunately the injuries of this 

 insect cannot be prevented by spray- 

 ing. The eggs are deposited beneath 

 the skin of the fruit out of the reach 

 CHANNELS OF of insecticides. The best method of 



APPUE MAGGOT checking its increase is that of picking 



up or feeding to stock, the fallen apples, so that the worms 

 will be destroyed before they go into the ground. This is 

 another insect that indicates the necessity of cooperation 

 in agricultural methods. 



A closely related insect, which has done a great deal of 

 damage in Mexico, is the Orange Maggot or Orange Fruit 

 Fly. This attacks oranges in very much the same way that 

 the Apple Maggot attacks apples. When introduced into 

 an orange-growing locality, it is likely to become a serious 

 pest. The fact that there was constant danger of its intro- 

 duction into the orange-growing regions of California has 

 caused much discussion among horticulturists. It is one of 

 those pests for which fruit growers should be constantly on 

 the watch, although, of course, there is no danger of dam- 

 age from it in regions where the citrous fruits are not 

 grown. 



ROOT MAGGOTS 



There are a number of destructive species of flies be- 

 longing to the Root-maggot group (Anthomyiinae). In 



