270 FARM FRIENDS AND FARM FOES 



weak fungicide which will control the leaf spot, sooty fungus, 

 and slight scab infections without injury to the fruit or foli- 

 age. The York Imperial is another variety which has no 

 serious disease of the fruit, and in addition it is not subject 

 to Bordeaux russet, so common on the Ben Davis, but the 

 foliage is susceptible to leaf spot and is often badly injured 

 by applications of Bordeaux mixture. 



" On the other hand, the Yellow Newtown is seriously 

 subject to the attacks of bitter rot and must be treated with 

 a strong fungicide, such as Bordeaux mixture, for the con- 

 trol of this disease. The fruit of this variety is susceptible 

 to Bordeaux injury, but since such injury is produced only 

 by the early applications of the mixture, the treatment may 

 be so planned as to avoid it. One of the lime-sulphur 

 sprays may be used for the first and second sprayings after 

 the petals fall, and Bordeaux mixture for the bitter rot 

 treatments which come later. These are the finer points 

 to be considered in connection with spraying, and the 

 orchardist who gives them due consideration will obtain 

 the best results in the production of good fruit." 



The National Department of Agriculture issues bulletins 

 giving precise directions for the preparation of fungicides. 

 These are frequently revised, and should be obtained when 

 fungicides are to be prepared. 



OBSERVATIONS FOR PUPILS 



1 . What methods of preventing plant diseases are employed in your 

 neighborhood ? 



2. Do the more progressive farmers use the spraying machine or those 

 less progressive ? 



3. Read such of these references as your teacher may request : 

 Spraying for Cucumber and Melon Diseases, Farmers' Bulletin 231. Fungicides 



and their Use in preventing Diseases of Fruits, Farmers' Bulletin 243. Insect and 

 Fungous Enemies of the Grape east of the Rocky Mountains, Farmers' Bulletin 

 284. Grape Diseases on the Pacific Coast, Farmers' Bulletin 30. 



