SCIENCE AND CULTURE 11 



The physics of Herachtes, of Empedocles, 

 of Anaxagoras could easily bow in reverence 

 before a philosophy of culture, because it was 

 itself, to some extent, an art as well as a 

 science. The object of the researches of 

 Heraclites is, according to his own statement, 

 an invisible harmony more beautiful than the 

 visible one: ap^ovir) a^avr]<; ^aveprjf; ^peirrodv. 



The scholasticism of the Middle Ages, 

 based on authority, could not maintain its 

 position before a criticism absolutely resolute 

 to submit without pity all human beliefs to 

 discussion by the reason and to the test of 

 nature. 



And however extended the domain of sci- 

 ence and of intellectual systematization may 

 have been in the eighteenth century, it was 

 very far from embracing all parts of reality. 

 Science lacked instruments and appropriate 

 methods for extending the reign of its laws 

 beyond physical nature to life and the human 

 soul. That is why feeling, making head once 

 more, was able to stop the progress of its 

 adversary and, in a short while, to display 



