100 ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY 



plays a large part in physical and engineering 

 science, was invented by Edmund Gunter. 

 Decimals were coming into use and, at the 

 close of the sixteenth century, algebra was be- 

 ing written in the notation we still employ. 

 William Gilbert, physician to Queen Elizabeth, 

 published his experiments on electricity and 

 magnetism in the last year of the sixteenth 

 century. Galileo was using his newly con- 

 structed telescope; and, for the first time, 

 Jupiter's satellites, the mountains in the 

 moon and Saturn's rings were seen by human 

 eye. The barometer, the thermometer and 

 the air pump, and, later, the compound 

 microscope, all came into being at the earlier 

 part of our period, and by the middle of the 

 century were in the hands of whoever cared 

 to use them. Pepys, in 1664, acquired 



a microscope and a scotoscope. For the first I did 

 give him £5. 10. 0, a great price, but a most curious 

 bauble it is, and he says, as good, nay, the best he 

 knows in England. The other he gives me, and is 

 of value; and a curious curiosity it is to discover 

 objects in a dark room with. 



Two years later, on 19 August 1666 "comes 

 by agreement Mr. Reeves, bringing me a Ian- 



