NON-SPORING BACILLI 283 



regarded as the most antituberculous tissue in the body. 

 He thereafter uses these bacilli (which he states yield no 

 tuberculin) to immunize animals, and for the serum 

 produced he claims high curative powers. 



Tuberculin Tests applied to Cattle. In cattle, 

 tuberculosis may be present without any very apparent 

 symptoms until an advanced stage is reached. Routine 

 examination of herds by the tuberculin test has therefore 

 become one of the necessary measures in public sanitation, 

 in order that the milk of tuberculous cows may be excluded 

 from consumption, and that such cows may be eliminated 

 from herds (Bang's System). Mohler states that an 

 accurate diagnosis is established in 97 per cent of the cases. 

 Stall the animal and take the temperature in the rectum 

 every two hours from 6 a.m. until midnight. Make the 

 injection then (subcutaneously). Begin to take the tem- 

 perature at 6 a.m. and continue as on the preceding day. 

 The dose is usually 0-25 c.c. of old tuberculin. A positive 

 reaction consists in febrile and constitutional signs, with 

 marked congestion around any focus of tuberculosis. The 

 febrile reaction begins six to ten hours after injection, 

 reaches its height in nine to fifteen hours, and declines 

 to normal in eighteen to twenty-six hours. A rise of 

 2 F. or more above the maximum of the previous day 

 should be regarded as a positive reaction. In a doubtful 

 case, repeat in four to six weeks. (Normal rectal tempera- 

 ture, ioo to 102 F. ; normal pulse, 45 to^55 beats per 

 minute. 



Methods of Detection. 1. Microscopic. In sputum: 

 select a yellowish piece, make a film, and stain by acid-fast 

 method. If not found, make solution of sputum by 

 gradual addition of NaOH solution, boiling the while ; 

 then sediment or centrifuge. Or mix in 5 per cent carbolic 

 or 2 per cent lysol, and stand ; gradual solution, and 

 tubercle bacilli precipitated. Or add antiformin (or a 

 mixture of equal parts of solutions of NaCIO and NaOH, 

 each 7-5 per cent) ; dissolves in a few minutes. If a 20 

 per cent dilution of antiformin is used, the tubercle bacilli 

 are not damaged, and all the other bacteria are killed. 

 Centrifuge or sediment ; wash twice with normal salt 

 solution, and sediment can then be used to make culture, 



