CURING BALKY HORSES. 27 



he obeys the motion of the whip upon this side, take your posi- 

 tion behind him, and turn him by the motion of the whip to the 

 right or to the left j as soon as he performs nicely, put the har- 

 ness upon him, take the lines behind him, and, as you give him 

 the word to go forward, throw the whip down by his right side 

 without touching him, at the same time have the long web around 

 the near fore foot, and give it to an assistant ; you want him to 

 stop, give him the word " Whoa," at the same time your assis- 

 tant pulls up the foot, turn the whip in a horizontal position 

 above your head — in this way you teach him that the whip in 

 that position means ^ Whoa.' By repeating these motions, he 

 learns in about four weeks to turn to the right whenever the 

 whip is thrown toward the right shoulder; to the left when 

 thrown toward the left shoulder ; to go ahead when thrown down 

 by the right side ; and to stop when held in a horizontal position. 

 You now want to teach him to back ; having previously instructed 

 him according to our rule, put the cord, using the small loop, 

 in his mouth ; take the cord in your hand with the reins, pull 

 upon the reins and say ' Back,' at the same time keep the whip 

 directly over the animal's back, giving it an upward and down- 

 ward motion, or you may tap him gently upon the back with 

 the whip — this is best done in a sulky. If he starts forward, 

 set him back by pulling quickly upon the cord ; repeat the oper- 

 ation until he will go back by the motion of the whip alone. 

 Should he make repeated efforts to go forward, bring the whip 

 quickly once or twice down over his nose, he will not then repeat 

 the operation very often ; with this training, it is necessary to 

 use an open bridle, so that the animal will see the motion of 

 the whip ; you are now prepared to hook him up for the" first 

 drive. Take an assistant with you ; have the foot strap or long 

 web secured upon the near fore foot ; give it in charge of your 

 assistant ; let the lines lie over the dash, as a matter of precau- 

 tion. Now commence operations with the whip j if the animal 

 acts promptly, remove the foot web and begin again, having the 

 Imes over the dash as before ; drive the animal in this way at 

 least two or three weeks before removing the bit from the 

 mouth. Your horse is now safe to drive under the whip." 



The large and noble looking horses which draw the trucks of 

 the safe manufacturers in this city, are hitched m^ single file^ 

 only the rear one having reins attached. Sometimes six or 

 eight horses will be required to draw the ponderous load, 

 and the coolness and dexterity with which they wend their way 

 through the confused mass of vehicles in the crowded streets is 

 a truly remarkable sight. Without any guidance the leader 

 will press onward through the mass', deftly avoiding collisions 



