64 



The Harness Makers' Guide. 



canno, be kep, in .he eye, get a piece of dd ^j- ^Ptl ""^'^1?! 

 to wind round the head, ana aiiaca lu 

 Now take a flat sculper of the width of point 

 required, in the right hand as directed above, 

 and hold the dog collar wth the fingers of the 

 left hand, so that the words read away from 

 you as shown below. First cut all the upnght 

 lines and parts of lines of letters from bottom 

 to top with a clean cut all the way, or 

 little bv little— the xvriter has found the former 

 method the better for soft metal, and the latter 



for hard metal-theu turn the collar round so that the words read 



toward you, and cut the 



lines already made clean to 



the bottom.' Next turn the 



dog collar so that it reads 



upside down, and cut the 



parallel lines, or parts of lines 



of letters as shown below. 



Then turn the collar round 



so as to read the right way, 



and cut parallel lines, 



just made clean, to the end. This leaves only the round parts 



of the letters to do. These must be done very carefully m very 



small cuts, widening the outside edge ^ 



as you go. Each separate cut p 



is indicated below by the cross [^i 



lines. , . , • X n 1 



The flat sculper is now done with, and it only remains to hnish 



the ends of the letters with the square graver. This is easy to 

 do, but hard to explain. Anyone who has followed the 

 article thus far will discover the way in a minute if he 

 will examine any sample of engraving. The best 

 explanation that can be here given is that the ends are 

 cut straight across with the graver held at an angle 



of about 45 degrees from the right-hand corner only. The 



accompanving drawing deals with block, or 



seraph," letters, whether upright or slanting 

 ■ "to " 



When it is required to cut Roman letters the _ — . 

 fine lines are made with a lozenge graver, and the I l 

 seraphs, t.e.y fan tails, cut from each corner as 

 directed for the ends of block letters. In what is j, ^ 

 known as round-hand lettering, the thick lines may Se^aph. 

 be made either with the flat sculper or with the 

 square graver, and the fine lines with the 

 lozenge graver, connecting the two with the square graver. 

 In both round-hand and Roman lettering, make the thick lines first, 

 then the thin lines, and then connect with the square graver. 

 Seraphs, if any, should be done last. The cutting should be so 

 clean as not to require any "finishing." To clean off the work, 

 put a little dry " Brillantine " or polishing powder on the "fiddle" 

 and rub across the plate. 



