HARPER'S GUIDE TO WILD FLOWERS 



i to 3 inches long, i -nerved, often with very small ones clustered 

 in the axils of the larger. Flowers grow in little buttons or clusters, 

 all of which together make a flat-topped corymb. Often grows 

 with the last. August to October. 



Both are common along the coast in sandy soil from 

 Massachusetts to Florida. Some botanists classify these two 

 in a separate genus, Euthamia. (See illustration, p. 223.) 



Ox-eye 



Heliopsis heliantkoides Family, Composite. Color, yellow. 



Leaves, opposite, acute at apex, ovate to lance-shaped, with 

 petioles, toothed. August. 



This yellow daisy is not to be confounded with the com- 

 moner purple-coned daisy. It may easily be mistaken for 

 a sunflower, but has fewer and narrower rays, about 10. 

 The heads of flowers are showy on the ends of branches. 

 1 to 4 feet high. New York southward and westward. 



Elecampane 



Inula Helenium. — Family, Composite. Color, yellow. Leaves, 

 woolly underneath, large, undivided, alternate, serrate, the lower 

 with petioles, the upper sessile and clasping. August. 



Stout, coarse plants, 4 to 5 feet high, with large flowers 

 possessing long and narrow rays around heavy, yellow disks. 

 Root thick and mucilaginous, used in veterinary practice; 

 growing often in clumps, like sunflowers, near barn-yards 

 or in old fields or along lanes and roadsides. Very common. 



Leafcup 



Polymnia canadensis Family, Composite. Color, pale yellow. 



Leaves, large, thin, the uppermost 3 to 5-lobed, petioled; lower 

 more deeply cut, pinnatifid. Heads small, in panicled, flat 

 clusters. Generally both ray and disk flowers present, but rays 

 small and occasionally wanting. Around the flowers are about 

 5 large involucral scales, leaf-like in character, making a sort of 

 cup in which the flower sits. Smaller scales in an inner row 

 partly fold over the achenes in fruit. Flowers in panicled, flat 

 clusters. A tall plant, 2 to 5 feet high, with hairy stems. June 

 to September. 



Western Vermont to Connecticut and westward, in shaded, 

 cool woods and ravines. 



Spiny Cocklebur 



Xanthium spinbsum — Family, Composite. Color, greenish yel- 

 low. Staminate and pistillate flowers in different heads, the for- 



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