196 FAKRIERY, ETC. 



not be considered as indicative of sprain of the musclesof 

 the shoulder. It probably arises from bruise of the point 

 of the shoulder, which a slight examination will determine. 



In sprain of the shoulder the horse evidently suffers 

 extreme pain while moving, and, the muscle underneath 

 being inflamed and tender, he will extend it as little as 

 possible. He ivill drag his toe along the ground. It is in the 

 lifting of the foot that the shoulder is principally moved. 

 If the foot is lifted high, let the horse be ever so lame, the 

 shoulder is little, if at all affected. 



In shoulder-lameness, the toe alone rests on the ground. 

 The circumstance which most of all characterizes this affec- 

 tion is, that when the foot is lifted and then brous^ht con- 

 siderably forward the horse will express very great pain, 

 which he will not do if the lameness is in the foot or the leg. 



In sprain of the internal muscles of the shoulder, few 

 local measures can be adopted. The horse should be bled 

 from the vein on the inside of the arm (the plate vein), 

 because the blood is then abstracted more imniediately from 

 the inflamed part. A dose of physic should be given, and 

 fomentations applied, principally on the inside of the 

 arm, close to the chest, and the horse should be kept as 

 quiet as possible. The injury is too deeply seated for ex- 

 ternal stimulants to have- very great effect, yet a blister 

 will properly be resorted to, if the lameness is not speedily 

 removed. 



Its best treatment consists of rest, cooling diet, blistering, 

 or the use of the seton or rowel. 



" Setons are pieces of tape or cord, passed by means of 

 an instrument resembling a large needle, either through 

 abscesses or the base of ulcers, with deep sinuses, or between 

 the skin and the muscular or other substances beneath. 

 They are retained there by the ends being tied together, 

 or by a knot in each end. The tape is moved in the wound 



