EVILS OF BAD SHOEING. 



239 



lengths on eacli side, wliich, however, is very rarely done, 

 are objectionable appendages, and had better be dispensed 

 with, excepting, perhaps, for very heavy draft, where their 

 ends, by entering the ground, may prevent the foot from 

 slipping backwards, and may thus enable the toe to obtain 

 a firmer hold. 



The form of shoe here referred to, and the position of 

 the nail holes, are shown in figure 12. 



Fig. 12 



a a. The heels of an even thickness with the rest of the shoe. 

 6 b. Show the points at which the heels of the hoof terminated, 

 c c. The seating carried back, so as to clear the angles at the heels, and leave the 

 seat of corns free from pressure. 



d. The nail-holos placed in the flat surface which supports the crust, where they 



should always be. 



e. The hindermost nail of the inner side at the inner toe, whereby the whole of 



the quarter and heel are left free to expand. 



The directions for properly shoeing horses having now 

 been as fully given as the limits of this work will allow, 

 the attention of the reader is called to certain evils which 

 are produced by bad shoeing. 



CoNTEACTED Feet, — that is, feet that have shrunken and 

 become narrow at the heels, and of which the frog has be- 

 come materially reduced in size, — are often caused by in- 



