The best method for the management ,, . Food for 



, , , .. ,*? Management of punts 



of farmyard manure is to make and keep it c v . 



j x-ii Farm-Yard ro , 



under cover, in sheds, or better still, in ,. 



covered pits from which there can be no 

 loss by drainage. It should also be kept sufficiently moist, 

 and by the addition of charcoal, peat, or vegetable refuse and 

 gypsum the volatilization of ammonia may be reduced to a 

 minimum. Manure so made is worth 50 per cent, more than 

 that thrown into a heap in the barnyard to be leached by the 

 storms of months before being spread upon the land. 



Where pits cannot be provided the manure pile should 

 rest upon a hard, clay bottom, or on a thick layer of peat or 

 vegetable refuse, which acts as an absorbent and prevents the 

 loss of much liquid manure. 



The time-honored custom of hauling manure upon the 

 land and of dumping it in small heaps from two to three feet 

 in height, is a wasteful and clumsy practice that should be 

 abandoned by every farmer. 



A simple and effectual way of dispos- Farm Sewage 

 ing of the night-soil on a farm is to so con- Disposal, 

 struct the closet that the urine will at once 

 drain to a lower level, and there be mixed with an equal quan- 

 tity of quicklime. The solid excrement should be covered 

 daily with a small quantity of quicklime mixed with a little 

 fine charcoal or peat. Such a receptacle can be made by any 

 farmer at comparatively little cost, and will more than com- 

 pensate for the care it entails by doing away with ill-smelling 

 odors and the disagreeable and often dangerous task of 

 cleaning vaults, besides furnishing a very rich manurial 

 product for admixture with farmyard manure or compost. 

 Such receptacle should be made in the form of a shallow 

 drawer or box with an inclined bottom, arid should rest upon 

 stout runners like a stone boat or drag, so that, at frequent 

 intervals, it can be drawn by a horse to the manure pile or 

 compost heap. 



On the bottom of the drawer should be kept a thin layer 

 of quick-lime mixed with peat, wood-pile dirt, or loam. 



As an alkali, soda has no advantage over potash, since 

 the decomposing action of the soda is rarely due to its 

 alkalinity. Potash, if used in the form of wood-ashes, the 

 lime carbonate of the ashes, will neutralize the acid properties 



