36 ON THE ECHINODERMATA OF THE 



Size, Locality, and Colour. The largest specimen we have examined measures 

 30 millims. in its greatest diameter, and 5'5 millims. across the disk. It was collected 

 by Capt. Feilden in Discovery Bay (lat. 81 41' N.) ; depth 25 fathoms, hard bottom. 

 Another example was dredged off Cape Frazer (lat. 79 44.' N.), in 80 fathoms depth, 

 which measures only 10 millims. in diameter, and is evidently a young specimen. The 

 former of these Starfishes is dry, and in that state is of a dirty yellow or grey colour ; 

 the smaller one has been preserved in spirit, and is of a fawn-colour or light-brown 

 shade. 



Remarks. The present species is undoubtedly a near relative of Sars's typical form, 

 P. typicus, but clearly differs from it in general size, proportions, and habitus, as well as 

 in the form of the pedicellarise and spinelets. P. palceocrystallus is of larger size, and 

 the length of the arm-radius, in proportion to that of the disk (about 5 : 1), is less than 

 in P. typicus, in the largest examples of which it is 6^ or 6 : 1. The contour of the 

 arms is also different in our form, being more tumid on the inner third, and much more 

 attenuated on the remaining outward portion of the ray. The dorsal spinelets are 

 decidedly radio-laminate and somewhat expanded at the tip, instead of being conical, 

 as described in P. typicus, and the shaft of the ambulacral spinelet is also denticulate or 

 serrate. The pedicellariaB in the present species are even of relatively larger size, and 

 differ in having the contour of the jaws considerably swollen out about the outer third, 

 and then tapering rapidly towards the extremity, which is somewhat truncate. Indeed 

 the general facies of the appendage is unmistakably distinct from that of the more 

 southern form. (Compare PI. II, Fig. 26, with figure given by Sars, I. c. pi. ix. 

 figs. 15-17.) 



Description of the Illustrations of this Species on Plate II. 



Fig. 22. Abactinal aspect of the animal : natural size. 



23. Actinal aspect of the same specimen: natural size. 



24. Portion near the middle of a ray, actinal aspect : magnified. 



25. Portion near the middle of a ray, abactinal aspect : magnified. 



26. One of the pedicellarise : magnified. 



CROSSASTER PAPPOSUS (Linck), Mutter & Troschel. Plate III, Figs. 1-4. 



1733. Triskaidecaetis papposa, Linck, De Stellis marinis, p. 43, tab. xxxii. no. 52, tab. xxxiv. no. 54. 



1733. Dodecactis reticulata in dorso, id. 1. c. p. 41, tab. xvii. no. 28. 



1777. Asterias helianfhemoides, Pennant, British Zoology, vol. iv. p. 66. no. 72. 



1780. Asterias papposa, Fabricius, Fauna Groenlandiea, p. 369. no. 364. 



1783. Asterias papposa, Eetzius, K. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Stockholm, vol. iv. p. 230. no. 4. 



1788. Asterias papposa, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. Linn. ed. xiii. p. 3160. 



1816. Asterias papposa, Lamarck, Anim. s. Vert. ed. 1, vol. ii. p. 559. no. 22. 



1821. Asterias papposa, Sabine, Parry's Journ. of a Voyage for the Discovery of a N.W. Passage &c., in 



1819-20, Append, p. ccxxii. 



1828. Asterias papposa, lloss, Parry's Narrative of Attempt to reach the North Pole in 1827, p. 202. 

 1828. Asterias papposa, Fleming, Hist. British Animals, p. 487. 



