ARCTIC SEA TO THE WEST OF GREENLAND. 49 



diameter, the still unresorbed remains of the larva-body ; and there is yet no trace of 

 the future mouth-opening. Upon the dorsal surface, and surrounding the centre, are 

 five large tubercular prominences or wart-like knobs of the body-skin, which Sars 

 regarded as the rudiments of the perianal paxillae ; and two similar bodies occur at the 

 margin of each radius, one on either side of the median line, double the size of those 

 just mentioned and oval in outline, which would seem to be primitive paxillae, or 

 rather the skin-like sheaths in which these are ultimately formed. No opening was 

 to be found on the centre of the dorsal surface, nor any trace of the calcareous forma- 

 tions of the future Starfish. 



Distribution. 



a. Northward up Smith Sound : Dobbin Bay, lat. 79 40' N., 30 fms. (Naress 

 Exped.), the most northern locality on record. 



In Davis Strait : lat. 67 50' N., long. 55 27' W., 20 fms. (< Valorous ' Exped.). 



b. North of American Continent : Grand Manan (Stimpson) ; Bay of Fundy, 

 35 fms., shelly bottom (Verrill). 



c. North of European Continent : Spitzbergen (LutJcen) ; Finmark (Sars) ; Har- 

 danger Fjord in Norway, the southern limit known to Sars. 



Description of the Illustrations of this Species on Plate III. 



Fig. 13. Abactinal aspect of the animal : natural size. 



14. Actinal aspect of the same specimen : natural size. 



15. Portion near the middle of a ray, actinal aspect : magnified. 



16. Portion near the middle of a ray, abactinal aspect : magnified. 



CTENODISCUS COKNICULATUS (Linck), Perrier. Plate III, Figs. 17-20. 



1733. Astropecten corniculatus, Linck, De Stellis marinis, p. 27, tab. xxxvi. no. 63. 



1805. Asterias crispata, Retzius, Dissert, sist. species cognitas Asteriarum, p. 17. 



1821. Asterias polaris, Sabine, Parry's Journ. of a Voyage for the Discovery of a N.W. Passage &c. in 



1819-20, Append, p. ccxxiii, pi. i. figs. 2, 3. 



1834. Asterias aurmiciaea, Dewhurst, Nat. Hist, of the Order Cetacea, p. 283. 



1840. Astropecten polaris, Gray, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. vi. p. 180. 



1842. Ctenodiscus polaris, Miiller & Troschel, System der Asteriden, pp. 76 et 129. 



1842. Ctenodiscus pygmceus, id. ibid. p. 76. 



1844. Ctenodiscus crispatus, Dtiben & Koren, K. Vet.-Akad. Hand!. 1844, p. 253. 



1852. Ctenodiscus polaris, Forbes, Sutherland's Journ. of a Voyage, vol. ii., Append, p. ccxiv. 



1853. Ctenodiscus crispatus, Stimpson, Syn. Mar. Invert. Grand Manan, p. 15. 



1857. Ctenodiscus crispatus, Liitken, Vid. Meddel. N. Forening i Kjobenhavn, 1857, p. 45. 



1861. Ctenodiscus crispatus, Sars, Oversigt af Norges Echinodermer, p. 26. 



1862. Ctenodiscus crispatus, Dujardin & Hupe, Hist. Nat. Xooph. chinodennes, p. 431. 

 1866. Astropecten polaris, Gray, Synop. Spec. Starf. Brit. Mus. p. 3. 



1866. Ctenodiscus crispatus, Verrill, Proceed. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. x. pp. 345 and 356. 

 1809. Anodiscus (= Ctenodiscus} rispatus, Perrier, Eech. sur les Pedicell. et les Ambul. p. 106. 



H 



