ARCTIC SEA TO THE WEST OF GREENLAND. 79 



GENEEAL CONCLUSIONS EEGAED1NG DISTRIBUTION. 



OP the Holothuroidea, Myriotrochus Einkii is the most polar in its distribution ; for 

 it has been found in Discovery Bay and to the south as far as Labrador ; and its 

 habitat to the east is in the seas of Spitzbergen to Novaya Zemlya &c. Chirodota 

 lasvis has also a wide Arctic distribution, but is found further to the south than 

 the last-mentioned : Godhavn, in Greenland, and Finmark and the Lofoten Islands 

 are its limits in one direction, and Sitcha and Ochotsk in another. Then Cucumaria 

 frondosa is distributed from Godhavn to Florida, from Spitzbergen to the British Isles, 

 and to San Francisco. Of the species of Psolus, one is found from Godhavn to 

 Maine and across to Iceland and the British Isles ; whilst the other extends far to the 

 east, but appears to be restricted to the polar waters. The most restricted species was 

 Orcula Eartliii, which was found at Holsteinborg and has been found off Labrador. 



The only species of Echinoidea, Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis, has a vast 

 distribution, as far north as Discovery Bay, and south to Florida, from Iceland to 

 Spitzbergen, and Novaya Zemlya to the British Isles. It has been found in Behring's 

 Straits, Kamtschatka, and on the American coast to Vancouver. Fed upon by 

 Asteroids, and caring little for a bottom temperature of 29 Fahr., this species is very 

 typical of the collection under consideration. It is essentially a polar species, migra- 

 ting now and then to the south ; and it forms part of a true polar fauna. 



The Asteracanthia have one species as far north as Discovery Bay ; and it 

 extends southward to Newfoundland and across to Novaya Zemlya; the other lives 

 from 70 N. lat. to Labrador, but it has a polar distribution, as it extends to the 

 Ochotsk sea. Stichaster albulus is found at Franklin-Pierce Bay to Godhavn and 

 Grand Manan ; the eastern habitat is from Iceland to Spitzbergen. Cribrella 

 oculata is distributed from 70 N. lat. to Massachusetts, Iceland, Spitzbergen, 

 Scandinavia, and White Sea, and is found in the English Channel. Moreover this 

 vast area is enlarged by the discovery of the form in the Sea of Ochotsk. 



The new species of Pedicellaster is esentially a dweller in the Palaeocrystalline 

 sea of Nares. 



As might be supposed, Crossaster papposus has a vast distribution. Nearly cir- 

 cumpolar, it extends along the European and eastern American coasts, along the 



