THE ARCHEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF XK\Y YORK 195 



1195 specimens available for actual study only eight have notched 

 stems. Only sixteen knives and spears of all shapes have been 

 enumerated. There are scrapers but no drills. 



Perhaps the nearest approach to ornaments in stone which the 

 site affords are small pieces of shale having one perforation for sus- 

 pension. They do not resemble pendant gorgets. 



Stone pipe bowls have been found in several instances. Some are 

 crude bowls of sandstone having large beveled stem holes. Others 

 are more neatly formed and resemble small urns. This is one early 

 Iroquoian type and its distribution is quite general in the Iroquoian 

 area. One of these stone bowls in the collection has a face effigy 

 worked out on the side away from the smoker. 



Two striking pipe bowls and several fragments were found by 

 Alva Reed in the ash and refuse beds. These bowls are human 

 and animal effigies represented as clinging to the ovoid bowl. One 

 striking specimen represents a lizard or an otter and is similar in 

 general concept to the effigy pipes described in the Ontario Pro- 

 vincial Museum reports by Col. George E. Laidlaw. 



Sherds of broken pottery vessels are scattered throughout the site 

 and especially in the dumps. The pottery is of the usual Iroquoian 

 make so far as its consistency is concerned. Some sherds are thin, 

 as thin as one-eighth of an inch, while one sherd is three-fourths of 

 an inch thick. The general shape of the vessels is Iroquoian, like 

 the pots of Jefferson county or the Mohawk valley, with the excep- 

 tion that the collars are higher and there is not the same degree of 

 overhang. The decoration is distinctive. It is the triangular plat 

 filled with parallel lines, each adjoining plat having the lines running 

 at right angles to the other. This is varied by parallel lines above 

 and below with occasional dots and dashes regularly placed. Iro- 

 quoian pottery generally has the decorations drawn on with a bone 

 or wood stylus while Algonquin forms generally have the pattern 

 impressed in with cord wrapped paddles or sticks. Most of the 

 pots from this site were very large, larger than the later Seneca 

 made. The Reed Fort pots in some instances must have held 6 to 8 

 gallons while the smaller pots probably held 6 to 8 quarts. 



The Reed Fort vessels were of the period when effigy faces were 

 placed at the projections on the raised collars, in this respect being 

 like the pottery from the Atwell Fort in Onondaga county, from the 

 St Lawrence site, Jefferson county, and like that from Burning 

 Spring, 1 Cattaraugus county, though the last named site is even 

 earlier in its occupation than the Reed Fort. m All these sites are 



1 See Annual Report, Director of the State Museum for 1905. 



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