278 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



of them show signs of use. Many seem to have been heated in fires 

 and others to have been used as hammers or anvils. Round pebbles 

 were also found in the graves but nothing there was discovered 

 that might furnish a clue to their employment. Figure 2 in plate 

 87 shows one of these pebbles. 



Most polished stone articles seem to have been reduced from crude 

 forms by a picking process. Few implements resembling picks, 

 perhaps, have been found. One crude implement, figure 3, plate 87, 

 is of tough granite and seems to have been one of these picks. It 

 is much battered and shows signs of long use. Notched implements, 

 commonly called net sinkers, were not common, only about a dozen 

 being found. They were of the ordinary type found everywhere 

 throughout New York. Figures 4 and 6 in plate 87 show two net 

 sinkers typical of all the rest found on the knoll. Hammerstones 

 were everywhere numerous both on the surface and in the pits. 

 Hammers were of three types, the ordinary round pebbles used as 

 hammers, the ball-like hammers that are battered on almost every 

 part of the surface and the common pitted hammerstones. Some 

 of the larger pitted stones seem to have been alternately hammers 

 and anvils and sometimes resemble small mortars. Figure 10 shows 

 one of this type. Objects termed anvils are the flat stones plentiful 

 everywhere in the village site. They exhibit signs of having been 

 used as bases upon which other stones were worked. Anvils were 

 generally pieces of hard shale or small boulders and most of them 

 seem to have been used for long periods (see figure 8). The flat 

 slabs of shale and sandstone anvils sometimes had shallow hollows 

 on one side and seem to have been used for grinding purposes. It is 

 highly probable that in that state of primitive culture when every- 

 thing convenient must be utilized, one utensil served as many 

 purposes as could be devised for it. 



A number of smoothed and worked stones found in refuse pits 

 and also in graves are thought to be potters' tools. One was found 

 in a pit containing a large quantity of partly worked clay. One of 

 these stones is shown in figure 9 in plate 87 and another in figure 10, 

 plate 88. One interesting specimen of a massive stone implement 

 is the large mortar found in pit 50. It weighs about 200 pounds 

 and was found at one end of a stone-floored pit. It must have been 

 occasionally turned over for both sides show signs of use though; 

 only one side was used as a mortar. Mullers or rounded pebbles 



