284 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



of the English. The territory is also in the line of travel from the St Law- 

 rence to the Ohio. The writer is unable to determine how far this urn- 

 shaped type of pipe has been governed by European influences. Its contour 

 is similar to pottery bowls from Tennessee, specimens of which are in the 

 United States National Museum collection. 



Figure 3, plate 90, is of an egg-shaped pipe bowl of the same 

 material as the one just described. Around the middle of the bowl 

 is a groove which meets at the stem hole. In Moorehead's Prehis- 

 toric Implements, page 334, is figured one of these pipes from the 

 Ohio valley. Moorehead remarks that its peculiarity lies in the fact 

 that it is grooved around the center. There is nothing in either of 

 these pipes to suggest European influence as far as the writer can 

 discover. The drilling and workmanship seem to have been done 

 with stone implements entirely. Figure 4 is a pipe bowl cut from a 

 hardened clay. The surface has weathered black hut the underlying 

 color is red. In form the pipe is claw or beaklike and is similar to 

 other forms found in the Iroquoian area. The bowl hole is small 

 comparatively and the stem hole large and conical as in the case with 

 all the pipe bowls of the collection. This pipe is from grave 105 

 and was found with pot 471. A small pipe carved from the local 

 shale imitating this form was found in an ash pit, perhaps a 

 grave fire, near this grave. The pipe is pictured in figure I, 

 plate 90. A small stone pipe with a short neck into which a 

 reed stem was evidently designed to fit is shown in plate 90, figure 

 7. This pipe is of about the same material as the large claw form 

 pipe and has two parallel lines incised on the underside of the neck. 

 It was found in grave 101, pit 141, and lay on the arm of a male. 

 The pipe represented by figure 6, plate 90, is the only stone pipe of 

 the stemmed type found. It is carved from a species of serpentine 

 and is smoothed and polished. In the process of drilling the stem 

 the drill penetrated too near the base of the bowl and there is a 

 small hole to be observed in the specimen. The shape of the open- 

 ing suggests that the bowl had been rubbed down after the stem 

 hole had been drilled and that this hole had been encountered then." 

 The form of the stem hole seems to indicate the use of a metal drill. 



Perhaps the most interesting of the pipes is the one shown in plate 

 90, figure 5- It is clearly the effigy of some animal, probably some 

 mythical monster. Placed face down it appears to be a grazing 

 animal. In this position the hump formed by the bowl suggests a 

 buffalo but the large bulbous tail and the shape of the head do not 

 point to such an animal. The material is rather puzzling. In color 

 it is a bluish white and it appears to be some species of talc or 

 steatite but a test for hardness disproves this. Mr D. H. Newland, 



