Stone walls. 



GATES AND FENCES FOR GARDEN AND PARK. 



which, on the front side, shows nothing but a series of overlapping split battens arranged 

 vertically and cut to the same height, will often meet all requirements. This simple 



FIG. 59. 



FIG. 60. 



pattern may be given a little more finish by cutting the heads of the posts to a variety 

 of designs, by the addition of an oak capping to the railing or by varying the lengths 

 of the split oak spads. No. 60 shows a fence having all three features. A combination 

 of split oak and oak wattles also split is shown in No. 59, while No. 61 shows much 

 the same fence built in between brick piers to screen off the kitchen garden from the 

 grounds designed by the author for T. Pegram, Esq., of Hoylake, Cheshire. 



The design and arrangement of stone walls depend so much on local conditions 

 that it is impossible to do more than indicate a few main principles for general 

 application. The delightful garden wall at Alton Towers, Staffordshire, which has been 

 so often illustrated, for instance, though so appropriate to its surroundings, would be quite 

 out of place in most circumstances. A wall if rightly placed cannot however fail to be 

 pleasing in any locality in which there is local stone from which to build it, though a 

 brick wall in a stone district or a stone wall where it is obviously an imported feature 

 may be equally out of place. The prime cost, of course, will be higher than for a 



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-/ 1 m w2K#0L .jdtes* 



FIG. 6l. 



wooden fence or even ordinary iron railings, but it will also be more durable. It is, 

 however, dressed or tooled stonework which is costly and, for ordinary estate work, dry 

 built walls (i.e. without mortar) provide all that is necessary, especially when the coping 

 stone can be set in cement. 



Tasteful A well-constructed dry wall is always pleasing and each district has its own mode 



use of local o f building to suit the character of the local stone, whether quarried stone, slate, cobbles, 



materials. nibble or flints or a combination of any of these, with or without bricks or tiles. Where, 



for instance, cobbles, roughly-squared stone and slates can be obtained, quite charming 



effects may be produced by combining them, as in No. 62, and examples of such walls 



60 



