DRIVES, AVENUES, AND SERVICE ROADS. 



each new addition was made and at all angles, resulting in a haphazard picturesqueness 



which resents any formal arrangement of drive or approach. 



No. 100 shows a double approach which enters a large court from opposite directions, 



each drive, for a distance of nearly a hundred yards, centering on the porte cochere ; 



while No. 101 shows an important variant of 

 this arrangement. 



Having thus dealt with the various forms 

 of drives and avenues and the treatment of 

 their terminations, a few remarks on those 

 methods of construction common to them all 

 may be given. 



Materials vary very greatly in different 

 parts of the country, and in all cases the best 

 must be made of those available locally, for 

 the cost of importing the one hundred tons or 

 more of stone required for even a short drive 

 would be quite prohibitive, though in extremely 

 important cases, where the traffic will be very 

 heavy, it might be advisable to obtain Mount 

 Sorrel or Aberdeen granite for the sub-surface 



as the truest economy in the long run. 



Whatever the material however, the various processes of construction will be much 



the same. When the ground has been made up to the required levels and gradients 



by 'cutting through the higher parts and filling deep hollows and the " made " portions 



FIG. 99. 



FIG. IOO. 



FIG. IOI. 



have had time to consolidate, a layer of broken stone in large pieces, where possible from 

 six to nine inches in diameter, is laid over the whole width. This is known as the 

 " pitching," and there are two varieties, viz. : rough pitching and hand pitching. The 

 former is the more quickly done but absorbs the more material and consists of tilting 

 the stuff out of carts on to the place it is to occupy, and going over it with a hammer 

 and levelling down and breaking up any pieces which are much larger than the rest, 

 when it is considered to be ready for the sub-surface material. In the latter method, 

 each piece of pitching material is placed by hand, giving the unfinished drive the appear- 

 ance of having been very roughly paved. Where material is plentiful, the former 



Materials. 



Pitching. 



81 



