TERRACES AND TERRACE GARDENS. 



Steps. Steps may always be made very pleasing 



as well as highly necessary features in a 

 terrace scheme. They, together with their 

 flanking walls, lend themselves to a variety 

 of treatment which renders monotony inex- 

 cusable, but, of course, use and convenience 

 should be considered before mere effect. In 

 nearly every case, both convenience and 

 effect are enhanced by making the steps 

 broad and shallow or as the builder will 

 put it, by making the treads broad and the 

 risers easy; and the size which I have found 

 to be most generally useful has a tread 

 thirteen and a half inches wide making with 

 the projecting nosing fifteen inches, with 

 a rise of five and a half inches. 



Steps in Where steps are arranged in connection 



grass with a grass slope with a batter of one 



banks. in two as recommended above, they could, 



of course, only have a tread of twelve 

 inches with a rise of six inches, but the 

 effect of a tread of thirteen and a half 

 inches can be obtained by having a pro- 

 jecting nosing of one and a half inches 

 obtained by either working a mold on the 

 front of a solid stone step, or, where the step 

 is built up of flags, as in No. 115, by allow- 

 ing the flat stone tread to overhang the 

 same distance. Where steps accompany 

 deep terraces, it will be found advantageous 

 to divide them into two flights, the landing 

 being so arranged as to allow of a summer- 

 house or tool-shed below, and a terrace 

 bastion above, which may often be recessed 

 sufficiently to take a garden seat, or one 

 may be built in the same material as the 

 walls and furnished with a loose lattice 

 cover. Where, however, the steps do not 

 exceed ten in number, they may be effec- 

 tively arranged at right angles to the 

 terrace, each side of the steps being 

 supported by side walls, or where this 

 would cause them to project too far into 

 the garden below, half of them may be 

 recessed back into the terrace, and the 

 other half built as spreading steps without 

 side walls (No. 123). Spreading steps are 

 those formed without side walls as shown 

 Various m Nos - I2 . I21 an d 122, and are most 



forms steps usually used where the difference in level 

 may take. between the inside and the outside of the 



OF FECT 



FIG. I2O. 



FIG. 121. 



FIG. 122. 



FIG. 123. 



FIG. 124 



9 8 



