SUMMER-HOUSES, PERGOLAS AND BRIDGES. 



times it can be achieved by elaborating the flight of steps at the open end, or the 

 terrace may be continued at right angles along another facade and the balancing feature 

 be placed at its far end, or a gatehouse or lych gate may be placed opposite the loggia. 

 Where none of these expedients are possible, balance may often be obtained by the 

 treatment of the terrace scheme itself, or the design of its walls, or it may be extended 

 further towards the summer-house than on the other side of the main axial line. 



Quite apart from the terrace scheme, 

 however, there are many positions in 

 which garden houses may be used. 

 They may mark the end of a favourite 

 walk, or the point from which a specially 

 fine view is to be obtained and which 

 it is desired to enjoy under all atmo- 

 spheric conditions, or as a classic temple 

 (111. No. 178) they may close a formal 

 vista. Such erections must be designed 

 in strict relation to their surroundings, 

 and the amount of elaboration or 

 rusticity of treatment which is neces- 

 sary will usually be determined by their 

 nearness to or remoteness from the 

 mansion. Nevertheless, however rural 

 their surroundings, nothing can justify 

 that spurious rusticity which marked 

 the designs of the Early -Victorian era, ' 

 and which still predominates in the 

 catalogues of wholesale manufacturers 

 of cheap garden furniture. Rusticity 

 in such features is quite allowable and 

 even desirable among suitable surround- 

 ings, but it must permit of the structure 

 in which it is used being designed on 

 architectural lines and without offend- 

 ing the canons of art. For instance, 

 in illustration No. 176 a rusticity has 

 been given to the summer-house and a 

 pleasant local character obtained by 

 using the rough native stone quarried 

 on the site ; but this rusticity is con- 

 sonant with and is expressed in architectural terms. In the case of the erections shown 

 in illustrations Nos. 179 and 180, on the other hand, the buildings were so near the 

 house as to necessitate strict adherence to the architectural style of the main building. 

 Examples of garden-houses connected with outlying portions of the garden are 

 shown in illustrations Nos. 181 and 182. The latter is a garden house erected on an 

 elevated site in the gardens at Cringlemire, Windermere, for the late Henry Martin, Esq., 

 and is furnished with a fireplace, thus making it available for use at all seasons. As will 

 be seen from the illustration, a wide verandah on the East, West and South sides gives 

 points of vantage from which to view the magnificent panorama of lake and mountain 

 which is obtainable. 



Two examples of garden houses erected primarily to mark a notable view-point, 

 are given. The first (111. No. 184) shows a terraced bastion overlooking a broad 



FIG. 178. TEMPLE OF THE SUN, KEW GARDENS. 



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