FIG. 312. ESPALIER OF IRON THROUGHOUT. 



KITCHEN GARDENS AND ORCHARDS. 



wire are most usual, a freer effect is obtained by the use of wooden posts and top rail 



with strained 



wires passing 



through the 



posts as shown 



in illustration 



No. 307. 



Wood also 



allows of a 



more artistic 



treatment, 



and although, 



perhaps, 



rather less 



durable than 



iron, is better 



for the plants, 



as the cold 



iron checks 



the tender buds. 



The most usual iron espalier is that shown in illustration No. 308, and in a more 



elaborate form in illustration No. 312, the latter being used with effect in the 



gardens at Trentham, the long 

 bower at this place being over- 

 arched with pear trees. 



Another arrangement of a 

 similar kind- may be made by 

 placing a low espalier, such as 

 the one shown in illustration 

 No. 309, close to the walk and 

 the taller one behind it, with a 

 border between. The effect of 

 this arrangement is clearly seen 

 in illustration No. 310. 



An effective espalier with 

 wooden posts and bays of iron 

 trellis between them is shown in 

 illustration No. 313. As will 

 be seen it is so designed as to 

 meet a very considerable fall 

 in the ground, and the trellis 

 is arranged in a series of bays 

 so as to give shelter to the flowers 

 planted between. Another wood 

 and iron espalier is seen in the 

 accompanying views of the fruit 

 garden at Foots Cray Place, just 

 referred to, where ornament was 

 the prior motive in its arrange- 

 ment, the fruit branches being 



FIG. 313. 



-WROUGHT IRON FRUIT ESPALIER IN THE KITCHEN- 

 GARDEN, WOOD, DEVONSHIRE. 



trained to thin wooden laths in the French manner. 



243 



