KITCHEN GARDENS AND ORCHARDS. 



C B WM t> 



FIG. 315. 



FIG. 316. 



and South ends. At the North it was found necessary to erect a retaining wall, and at 

 the South or narrow end, to fill up some five feet. As is usual in America, hedges 

 were planted in preference to expensive walls. 



In illustration No. 319 is shown the kitchen garden at the Manor, Thornton 

 Hough, Cheshire, the seat of Sir William Lever, Bart., and is a good instance of adaptation 

 of the plan to the special conditions of the site, the garden of about an acre and a half 

 being set angle- wise to the house but parallel to a boundary wall and bridle path. Here the 

 primary object was to provide sheltered walks convenient to the residence and connecting 

 directly with the principal terrace walks. The plan of this garden should be compared 



with the photograph of its central 



portion given in illustration No. 305, 



which gives a good idea of the treat- 

 ment of details. The effect, when 



the fruit trees are in blossom, is very 



fine indeed. This scheme is, of course, 



part of a connected formal garden, 



but the same principles might be 



adapted to many places where the 

 details would, for reasons of cost, be of the simplest description. 



An effective kitchen garden placed close to the North side of a house adjoining 

 the carriage court and generally embodying the principles and requirements already 

 advocated is given in illustration No. 279. This garden is entered by a wrought- 

 iron gate from the carriage court and a view is obtained from it down the central path 

 of the garden, which is constructed on the principles already explained, terminating in 

 a conservatory placed against the North wall of the garden, with plant and fruit houses 

 arranged to right and left. Near the centre of the garden is a circular dipping well 

 with a simple upright fountain jet, and on each side of the walk is a border 

 six feet wide for hardy perennials, flanked by fruit espaliers. At regular intervals 

 flower-grown arches span the walk, giving, 

 as viewed from the Carriage Court, the 

 appearance of a continuous bower, where 

 along the level sheltered paths, surrounded 

 by fragrant flowers, most garden lovers 

 would delight to stroll. The evergreen 

 shrubs flanking the conservatory would 

 supply the necessary touches of green in 

 Winter, and might be supplemented by bay 

 trees in tubs at sheltered places, which 

 would be by no means out of place in 

 the kitchen garden, as in many establish- 

 ments the leaves are indispensable for 

 flavouring purposes. 



There are three adjuncts of the domain so intimately connected with the kitchen Frame 

 garden both in planning and purpose as almost to form parts of it. These are the grounds^ 

 frame ground, the reserve garden and the orchard. The first of these, with its various 

 erections such as potting sheds, tool houses, fruit rooms, places for ladders, wheel- 

 barrows, garden rollers and lawn mowers, bins for composts and manures, and standing 

 ground for chrysanthemums and other plants which require plunging, has already been 

 mentioned in dealing with glasshouses, and it is only necessary to add that it is a wisely 

 directed forethought which studies the comfort and convenience of the garden staff, 

 especially where several young men are employed. In the critical season of a severe 



FIG. 317. 



245 



