Deciduous 

 trees. 



Hardy 



Conifers. 



TREES AND SHRUBS FOR GARDEN AND PARK. 



ULMUS (Elm). One of the most characteristic of English trees. Elms are indifferent alike 

 to soil and situation, and make magnificent avenues, park clumps, or single specimens. 

 ULMUS CAMPESTRIS, the " Common Elm," and U. montana, the " Scotch or Wych 

 Elm," are two species which form huge trees for the park. Other species and varieties 

 are U. glabra and U. cornubiensis, the " Cornish Elm." U. pumila carries its foliage 

 into November, and is an excellent tree. In addition to the above-mentioned species 

 and varieties, this genus provides others equally important for inclusion in an 

 arboretum. U. c. Wheatleyi is excellent as a fastigiate tree, and especially useful 

 in those flat districts where the Lombardy poplar does not succeed. T.S. 



HARDY CONIFERS FOR THE FORMAL GARDEN, PINETUM AND LAWN. 



No class of trees or shrubs 

 requires more care in selection 

 and arrangement than do coni- 

 fers, so much so that it is safe 

 to state that more places are 

 spoiled than improved by their 

 presence ; and yet there are 

 many varieties which are of 

 the greatest use to the garden 

 designer. The fault generally lies 

 with the planter, who perhaps 

 does not recognise the effect of 

 scale in garden design, and who, 

 in the absence of this know- 

 ledge, relies upon the perfectly 

 well-meaning advice of his 

 nurseryman. The list here 

 given is one relating to -the 

 Order Coniferae, as classed in 

 the " Kew Hand-List of Coni- 

 ferae," and it must be borne in 

 mind that quite a number of 

 these subjects are named by 

 different nurserymen without 

 regard to authority of any 

 description. The " Hand-List," 

 reveals the existence of a large 

 number of synonyms. While en- 

 deavouring to give a wide scope 

 for the planting of conifers by 

 making the list fairly extensive, 

 it must be understood that ex- 

 ceptional precautions should be 



taken in their general arrangement and grouping, especially in forming gardens of a 

 limited area. The adoption of dwarf forms for easing off the bend of a walk, or for 

 planting on rockwork, is but one of many points to be noted in the use of conifers. 



Judging from observation it may be said that nowhere do conifers look so much 

 at home as in mountainous districts, especially when the houses are built of cold grey 

 stone, or where there is a large extent of water, either in the form of a river, loch or 

 lake. The explanation is probably that in such districts conifers attain a large size 





FIG. 359. SNOWY MESPILUS AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF HOLLIES. 



288 



