market conditions make possible a much more 

 complete utilization, great stress is laid on it. In 

 the communal forests of Baden before the war, 

 for example, an average of 50% of the volume 

 was merchantable for high-grade material, while 

 in the state forests the average was 55%. In some 

 of the spruce and fir forests this figure ran as 

 high as 75 to 78%. The fact that softwood trees 

 yield a considerably higher percentage of high- 

 grade material is one of the reasons that soft- 

 woods are more profitable than hardwoods. 

 Results like the above can only be obtained by 

 good management over a long series of years. 



KIND OF MATERIAL 



The stand of lumber may be classified approxi- 

 mately as follows : 



Board Feet 



Softwoods: Hemlock and White Pine 553,000 



Hardwoods; Oak and other species 1,807,000 



2,360,000 



That most of the lumber would be of small 

 sizes is indicated by the following classification 

 of the trees by diameters : 



Trees 5" to 7" (cordwood size) 65% 



Trees 8" to 11" (small lumber) 28% 



Trees 12" and over (lumber of average size) 7% 



100% 



This table shows that three-fourths of the 

 wooded area has a growth between 40 and 80 

 years of age, and that on three-fifths of the area 

 the growth is between 40 and 60 years. In other 



17 



