Tae Ajjple. 



43 



in the orchard, the interval depending much upon the va- 

 riety, and to a less degree upon soil and other conditions. 

 The Oldenhurg, Wealthy and Haas are among the earlier 

 varieties to fruit, while the Golden Russet, Northern Spy 

 and Yellow Bellflower commence fruiting late. 



45. Soil for the apple. While the apple tree is adapted 

 to a considerable variety of soils, it has generally proved 



most productive and 

 enduring on deep, 

 rich, well-drained clay 

 loams. The presence 

 of a considerable quan- 

 tity of lime in the soil 

 has been regarded as 

 important by many 

 writers. 



46. Propag:ation. In 

 the temperate zones, 

 varieties of the apple 

 are propagated almost 

 exclusively by graft- 

 ing ' on stocks grown 

 from seed, and the seed 

 used should be taken 

 from hardy and vigor- 



Fia. 7. An old and much branched fruit spur Q^g f;j-ees. If Seedlings 

 of the apple is shown at the left. A fruit spur 

 that has resumed growth, becommg a shoot, is ^^^ grOWn trom SeedS 



shown at the right. f rom cider-miU pomace 



made from mixed apples, only the most vigorous ones 

 should be grafted. The seedlings are usually taken up the 



» Budding, by which many apple trees are propagated in some sections, is one 

 form of grafting. For detailed directions for grafting, see " Principles of Plant 

 Culture." 



