GRAFTING. 41 



method of grafting is made for the purpose of supplying 

 new roots for dwarf trees when they begin to decline. Fig. 

 39 represents the old stem and the young standard trees, 

 growing near, with their tops cut ofif and inserted under 

 the bark. An inverted j,-shaped incision (c, jig. 37, 38) 

 is made in the bark of the stock, after which the scion is 

 cut with a slope two or three inches long (a) and placed 

 under. 



The whole is then carefully bandaged and waxed. One 

 or more scions may be inserted. The vigorous young 

 stems impart new life to the old tree, and often prolong^ 

 its period of bearing many years. Trees with injured 

 stems may be operated upon in the same manner ; and 

 after the grafts have become thoroughly established, the 

 old stems may be removed. 



Grafting the Vine. — Owing to the difficulty attending 

 ordinary grafting of the vine, this method is sometimes 

 resorted to as a more certain means of con verting a grape 

 of poor quality into a choice variety. (See chapter on 

 grafting the grape). In this way the old vine is not de- 

 stroyed, and if the first operation is not successful it may 

 be repeated. Fig. 37 represents the old vine, or stock,, 

 and the new variety, or scion, with a slice of bark two or 

 three inches long removed from each, and fitted together 

 ready for the bandage and the application of grafting 

 clay. The bandage should be loosened during the sum- 

 mer, but not removed, and the top of the stock pinched 

 back to throw a more vigorous growth into the scion. 



In joining the stock and scion they may be tongued as 



in ordinary whip grafting. The dotted lines in the figure 



represent the points at which the vines are severed in 



the fall, after a thorough union has taken place. Figs. 



3 



