60 THE NURSERY AND THE ORCHARD. 



82 dwarf pear-s, dwarf apples, dwarf cherries, plums, 

 quinces or peaches, marked X, 



OxOxOxOx 



X S X 3 X 3 X 



0x0x0x0 



0x0 



LAYING OUT ORCHARDS. 



It requires considerable time for one person to plant 

 an orchard of a hundred trees when the rows have to be 

 straightened by the usual method of sighting backward 

 and forward ; but by means of a simple device, which is 

 described in The American Fmit Culturist, the labor is 

 greatly lessened. A^strong cord is procured, as long as 

 one side of the orchard, if possible. This is ^.stretched 

 tightly along the line.intended for the first row of trees. 

 Then with a measure lay off along the cord the proper 

 distances apart for the-trees, marking each place by stick- 

 ing up a small peg. These pegs indicate where the trees 

 should stand ; but when the holes are dug and the pegs 

 removed, the proper places for the trees cannot- be ascer- 



