THE TEXT CATERPILLAR. 91 



laying eggs in the young fruit. The fall brood does not 

 appear as moths until spring, remaining in the cocoons 

 during winter. As a means of preventing the multiplica- 

 tion of these insects, Mr, Downing recommends the 

 building of bonfires in the orchard at night during 

 spring and summer. Many of the moths and other in- 

 sects are destroyed in the flames. 



It is very important to wash and clean the bark of the 

 ■trees in early spring, and see that no cocoons are left in 

 the crevices or under the scales of bark. 



All immature fruit that falls to ihe ground should be 

 picked up at once. If hogs are kept in the orchard, they 

 •destroy many of the worms by eating the fallen fruit. 



THE TENT CATERPILLAR. 



This troublesome insect often proves very injurious to 

 apple orchards. In summer a reddish brown moth lays 

 eggs in rings, on the branches of the trees, usually 

 in the forks or near the ends of the limbs. A single ring 

 •often contains several hundred eggs. These eggs remain 

 till the following spring, when they hatch and begin 

 their ravages upon the foliage. For several weeks they 

 feed voraciously, and often leave the trees almost bare of 

 leaves. They then spin their cocoons, pass into the 

 pupa state, and in a few weeks come forth winged in- 

 sects to lay eggs for the next spring's hatching. They 

 ■can be destroyed by cutting off and burning the ends of 

 the limbs containing the rings of eggs, and by raking 

 -off and killing all that have hatched and spun their 

 webs. 



They will be found in their tents early in the morning. 



