'February, 1908 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



48 



The Inc\ibator and Its Use 



S. SKort, Ottawa 



THE possibilities and pleasiu-es of the inter- 

 esting machine, the incubator, are not, as 

 yet, as generally known as they ought to 

 be. Many still there are who doubt its 

 ibility to hatch as well as hens will hatch. To 

 hose who have never tried hatching by machine, 

 he statement is made, backed up by the experi- 

 . tnce of the majority of poultry -keepers, that the 

 ( ncubator is a success and is a necessity to any 

 I breeder who annually hatches 50 eggs or over. 

 I ' As made at the present time, the incubator is 

 Jioth useful and ornamental. It can be kept in 

 1 spare room or attic or in the basement with 

 jerfect safety. The basement is preferable if 

 he atmosphere is even, say anywhere near 50 

 legrees or over, and not given to sudden changes 

 jn temperature. With a properly run machine, 

 yith the lamp clean and in order, there is no 

 imell worth mentioning at any time when in 

 ■Iperation if a good oil is used, and the unfertile 

 Ir lifeless eggs are removed when testing. With 

 JU machines extant, a tester and thermometer 

 ;re sent, but if they are not included they 

 jliould be specially ordered, for they cannot be 

 lone without. 



Start the machine and be sure the thermome- 

 !;r registers at least 103 degrees before putting 

 li the eggs. It is imperative that an even tem- 

 ,erature should be kept up throughout the 21 

 lays of incubation. Experiments have shown 

 jiat while eggs will hatch that have been sub- 

 jected to 101 and 102 degrees the first day or 

 [ko, yet the chicks were never as vigorous and 

 .ren after maturity never laid as well as those 

 hich hatched from eggs started at 103 and 

 lat temperature maintained during the whole 

 mod of incubation. Of course, every hatch 

 !iay not be a success; probably if the same eggs 

 id been put under hens they would not have 

 itched either. 



The chief factors in being successful are, 

 rst, healthy hens, mated properly, and cared 

 ir by some one who knows his business as a 

 i )Ultry-keeper, to lay fertile eggs; second, have 

 i>e machine in good running order before putting 

 the eggs; and lastly, if without previous ex- 

 Irience, follow carefully and explicitly the 

 irections sent with each machine by the 

 _ anuf acturer. 

 While many incubators are used by fanciers 

 I siding in the cities and towns it is safe to say 

 jat the majority of the machines are sold to 

 ':burbanites and fruit growers living outside 



CHAS. A. CYPHERS' 



Model Incubators 

 and Brooders 



On my Model Poultry Farm I now have 



poultry numbering 80|000 hatched and 



; brooded in my famous Model Incubators 



\ , and Brooders. Buy- 



ing your incubators 



' and brooders of a 



I man who knows 



nothing (or next 



[ to nothing) about 



, hatching and raising 



|l poultry is running a 



I useless risk. Don't 



!i do it. 



I not only sell you 

 a Model Incubator or Brooder, but 1 add 

 to them the valuable experience of years 

 as shown in their construction. Model 

 Incubators show excellent hatches, hatch 

 every hatehable egg. The Model Brooder 

 grow sturdy chicks. 



-Send your order in to-day, and get in 

 line with the profit getters. 



Free catalogue for everyone. 



THE MODEL INCUBATOR CO. 



196-200 River Street TORONTO, ONT. 



the city limits but near enough to benefit by 

 having a good market for disposing of whatever 

 fruit or vegetables they may be engaged in 

 producing. The incubator provides the suburb- 

 anite and all the members of his family with many 

 hours of pleasurable anticipation. The prepara- 

 tion of the machine whiles away one evening; 

 then at least twice daily, the lamp is inspected 

 and the thermometer is noted, and if all goes 

 well for two or three days, the chickens are 

 counted. One cannot help it, perhaps — the 

 gambling instinct is stronger in chicken fiends 

 than others, but the fad remains that despite 

 the proverb "not to count the chickens before 

 they are hatched," they have been and always 

 will be counted as long as there are eggs to 

 hatch 



After the seventh day the first test is made, 

 and if new to the work, it is advisable to call in 

 an expert fiend if one is available. If a thor- 

 ough ctUling out is made, then another test a 

 week later should be sufficient. If all has gone 

 well there is considerable excitement the 

 twenty-first day. Early in the morning there is 

 a rush to see the results, and if successful, 

 chickens and incubator furnish the subjects for 

 most of the day's conversation. 



With the development of fruit and vegetable 

 growing, poultry keeping has been keeping pace. 

 The two industries make a good combination. 

 In winter time the gardener and orchardist has 

 time which can profitably be given to the pro- 

 duction of winter eggs. The garden and orchard 

 in early spring and late autumn make splendid 

 foraging grounds for the fowl. The incubators 

 can be started at about the time for making the 

 hotbeds so that hatching will be over by the 

 time the heavy work of spring plowing and 

 planted begins. During the summer waste fruit 

 and vegetables fed to the poultry will help 

 considerably in lighteniiig the feed bills. 



Just a word further — There are a great many 

 different makes of incubators, both Canadian 

 and American, on the market now. It is decided- 

 ly to the advantage of a Canadian to buy a 

 Canadian machine. The shipping expenses are 

 less, no customs charges to be paid, and the 

 delivery is much more prompt. Patronize home 

 industry. 



FOR SALE AND W^ANT 

 ADVERTISEMENTS 



Advertisements under this heading inserted at 

 rate of two cents a word for each insertion, each 

 figure, sign or single letter to count as one word, 

 minimun cost, 25 cents, strictly cash ia advance. 



IV/IR. CHARLES ERNEST WOOLVERTON, 

 '■"^ Grimsby, Ontario, landscape architect, 

 parks, cemeteries, pleasitre, school and home 

 grounds laid out, surveys made. Working 

 drawings to a scale so that any gardener can 

 work them out. Terms very reasonable 



A MILLION STRAWBERRY PLANTS for 

 ■^^ sale, not bought from dealers, but grown on 

 my own farm last year. Fifty-five varieties. 

 New Highland, Three W, Victor, Wonder, 

 Thompson's No. 2, President, Momingstar, 

 Abington, Almo, Governor Rollins, and others, 

 and all the leading old varieties. If you want 

 plants this year that will please you when they 

 arrive, and please you better still when they 

 fruit, order Downham's. They have pleased 

 others and will please you. It will pay you to 

 get my free catalog before you buy, ready to 

 mail now. Raspberry and Blackberry plants, 

 and Seed Potatoes. John Downham, Strathroy, 

 Ont. 



pRUIT GROWERS! Drain your land and 

 double your income. This may seem 

 exaggerated but it's a fact. Use Doyle's tile. 

 Estimates given. R. J. Doyle, Owen Sound. 



CEND YOUR ADDRESS for list of straw- 

 ^ berry plants, also red and black raspberry 

 plants and seed potatoes. R C. Crysler, St. 

 George, Ont. 



ETOR SALE, Six No. 8 Gurney Hot Water 

 Boilers in good condition, suitable for 

 private house or greenhouse work. Apply 

 Stevenson & Malcolm Co., Guelph, Ont. 



^ARDENER seeks situation. Has had nine 

 years' good experience in all important 

 branches. Can show good English references. 

 E. Campin, West Essa P.O., Ont. 



i — 



PLANT PELHAM'S 



Peerless Apple Trees 



A big red winter apple that sells at sight. 

 Also a full line of fruit and ornamental trees. 

 Write for the Catalogue that tells the truth. 



i PELHAM NURSERY CO. 



TORONTO, ONTARIO 



Mention The Canadian Horticulturist when writing 





