r 



74 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



April, 1908 



should then be cured, either in the sun 

 or subjected to a gentle heat in an evap- 

 orator to prevent mildew or becoming 

 rancid. Sulphuring is practiced to some 

 extent to supply the demand for bleach- 

 ed nuts, a most pernicious method. This 

 treatment, while improving the color, 

 proves decidedly injurious to the flavor 

 of the nuts and lessens the keeping quali- 

 ties. At the California experiment sta- 

 tion, experiments with bleaching solu- 

 tions have been carried on and it is re- 

 corded that very satisfactory results have 

 been obtained with a mixture of sal- 

 soda, chloride of lime and water. How- 

 ever, it must be borne in mind that the 

 bleaching of nuts is entirely unnecessary 



of the affected cane, there are two rows 

 of punctures, half an inch apart, run- 

 ning completely round the canes and so 

 girdling them that the supply of sap is 

 stopped. The tops soon wither and break 

 off. These two girdles being completed, 

 it makes a small hole a little way above 

 the lower girdle and deposits in it a 

 small yellow egg. From this egg, there 

 hatches, in a few days, a small yellow 

 grub which proceds to burrow down- 

 wards, eating the pith of the cane and 

 eventually causing its destruction. 



The presence of these enemies is eas- 

 ily detected by the sudden drooping and 

 withering of the tips of the canes. They 

 begin to operate late in June and con- 



Eight-Year-Old English Walnnt Tree that Prodoced Orer One Bushel of Nuts in One Season. 



and adds absolutely nothing to its food 

 value; this process is simply carried on, 

 to improve the appearance of the nut and 

 will probably be carried on so long as 

 people buy by the eye. Don't do it, un- 

 less the customer to whom you sell the 

 nuts demands it and prefers spoiled to 

 clean, healthy, wholesome and tooth- 

 some nuts. 



tinue their work for several weeks. 

 Hence, by looking over the raspberry 

 plantation occasionally early in spring 

 and removing all the withered tips down 

 to the last ring, so as to insure the re- 

 moval of the egg, this insect may be 

 easily kept under control for they are 

 seldom numerous. 



Raspberry Cane Borer 



Tennyson D. Jarris, 0. A. C, Goelph 



The raspberry cane-borer {Olberea bi- 

 maculata) attacks wild and cultivated 

 red and black raspberries. The insect 

 is about an inch in length, with black 

 body and yellow thorax. At the base 



In very old trees, restorative measures 

 often fail to produce any lasting im- 

 provement. 



Canadian Cherries J 



W. T. Macoon, Ottawa X 



'« 



Few good cherries of Canadian origin 

 have been recorded. The only one 

 which deserves mention is the Wind- 

 sor, a cherry of the Bigarreau class, 

 which owing to its superior hardiness 

 has proved a valuable acquisition. The 

 following description is from "Fruits 

 of Ontario": £ 



WINDSOR ^ 



Windsor is a valuable late cherry- 

 for either home use or market, its firiQ^ 

 flesh making it a better shipper thaH^ 

 most dark-colored cherries; indeed,^' 

 from the middlr to the end of Julyfc^ 



when thi^' 

 cherry is at?* 

 its best,' 

 there is ndj 

 other tOT 

 CO m p e t eT 

 with it, theft 

 Elkhom be-a 

 ing just ove* 

 The tree i* 

 not an early; 

 bearer, and/ 

 the fruit iC 

 very subjec^ 

 to rot iifi' 

 some loca-* 

 tions, and:'" 

 needs thor*. 

 ough spray-, 

 ing with;" 

 Bordeaux to^ 

 prevent thii 

 fungus. Ori 

 gin, by Jas,^ 

 D o u ga 1I,| 

 Wi n d soryi>^ 

 Ont. ; tree, 2^ 

 vigorous,^ 

 u p r i g h t^ 

 symmetrical 

 grower 

 healthy 

 very hard 

 and produC' 

 tive; fruit 

 large, fif tee: 

 sixteenths of an inch long by one inc 

 wide, round, pbtuse, heart-shaped; color, 

 dark red, turning darker as it hangs 

 stems, one and a half inches long, set' 

 in a moderately deep cavity, in twos' 

 and threes; suture, obscure; flesh, yel- 

 lowish with reddish tint; texture, firm» 

 moderately juicy; flavor, rich a-ncB 

 sweet; quality, dessert very good, cook- ' 

 ing poor; value, first class; season, late 

 July; adaptation, farther north than 

 most Bigarreau cherries. 



Plant small fruits in rows so that the 

 greater part of the cultivation can be 

 done with the horse and cultivator. A 

 sufficient number of varieties should be 

 grown to keep up a succession. 



Each species of tree needs its own 

 kind of pruning. 



Feeble growing and unhealthy trees 

 are, as a rule, the results of starvation, 

 poor attention or unfavorable climate. 



