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THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



June, igo8 



The Canadian Horticullurist 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited 



PBTBRBORO AND TORONTO 



The Only Horticultural Magazine 

 in the Dominion 



Ofpicial Organ of British Columbia, Ontario, Qub- 

 BEC, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island 

 Fruitgrowers' Associations and op the Ont- 

 ario Vboetablb Growers" Association 



H. Bronson Cowan, 

 ManaffinjE Editor and Business Manager 

 A. B. Cutting, B.S.A., Horticultural Editor 

 W. G. Rook, Advertising Manager 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist is published on 

 the 25th day of the month preceding date of issue. 



2. Subscription Price in Canada and Great Britain 60 

 cents a year, two years $1.00. For United States and 

 local subscriptions in Peterboro, (not called for at Post 

 Office) 25c. extra a year is charged for postage. Foreign 

 subscriptions, $1.00 a year, including i>ostage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post Office or 

 Money Express Order, or , Registered Letter. Postage 

 Stamps accepted for amounts less than $1.00. 



4. Change of Address — "WTicn a change of address is 

 ordered, both the old and the new addresses must be 

 given. 



5. Advertising Rates quoted on application. Copy 

 received up to the 18th. Address all advertising cor- 

 respondence and copy to our Advertising Manager, 72 Queen 

 Street West, Toronto. 



6. Articles and Illustrations for publication will be 

 thankfully received by the editor. 



Circulation Statement 



Since the subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist was reduced from $1.00 to 60 cents a year, 

 the circulation has grown rapidly. The following is 

 a sworn statement of the net paid circulation of The 

 Canadian Horticulturist for the year ending with 

 Dec, 1907. The figures given are exclusive of sample 

 and spoiled copies and of papers sent to advertisers. 

 Some months, including the sample copies, from 8,000 to 

 10,000 copies of The Canadian Horticulturist are 

 mailed to people known to be interested in the growing 

 of fruit, flowers or vegetable. 



January 1907 4,947 



February 1907 5,520 



March 1907 6,380 



April 1907 6,460 



May 1907 6,620 



June 1907 6,780 



July 1907 6.920 



August 1907 6,880 



September 1907 7,078 



October 1907 7,210 



November 1907 7,250 



December 1907 7,500 



Total for the year 79,525 



Average each issue 6,627 



January 1908 7,650 



February 1908 7,824 



March 1908 8 . 056 



April 1908....: 8,250 



May 1908 8,5 7 3 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed upon ap- 

 plication. 



Our Protective Policy 

 We want the readers of The Canadian Horticul- 

 turist to feel that they can deal with our advertisers 

 with our assurance of the advertisers* reliability. We 

 try to admit to Our columns only the most reliable ad- 

 Tertisers. Should any subscriber, therefore, have good 

 cause to be dissatisfied with the treatment he receives 

 from any of our advertisers, we will look into the matter 

 and investigate the circumstances fully. Should we 

 find reason to believe that any of our advertisers are un- 

 reliable, even in the slightest degree, we will discontinue 

 immediately the publication of their advertisements in 

 The Horticulturist. Should the circumstances war- 

 rant we will expose them through the columns of the 

 paper. Thus, we will not only protect our readers, but 

 oar reputable advertisers as well. All that is necessary 

 to entitle you to the benefits of this Protective Policy is 

 that you include in all your letters to advertisers the 

 words "I saw your ad. in The Canadian Horticultur- 

 MT." Complaints should be sent to us as soon as possi- 

 ble after reason for dissatisfaction has been found. 

 Communications should be addressed : 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 

 Toronto Office: PETERBORO, ONTARIO 



72 Queen Street West 



MORE ENTHUSIASM NEEDED 



It is difficult to understand how it is 

 that in the cities of Hamilton wnd Toronto 

 it is so liard to arouse a deeper interest 

 in the work of the horticultural societies. 

 During the time that Mr. J. Horace Mc- 

 Farland addressed meetings of Ontario hor- 

 ticultural societies last month, the interest 

 shown in his addresses at St. Catharines, 

 Cobourg and Perth was great. In Hamil- 

 ton and Toronto, the meetings were attend- 

 ed by only a comparatively few. 



The societies in Hamilton and Toronto 

 have a membership of about 300 each. The 

 Hamilton society has materially increased 

 its membership since last year. Both of 

 these societies, however, have not neai'ly 

 the number of members thnt they should 

 have when compared with the societies of 

 St. Catharines and Ottawa, the former of 

 which has about 600 members and the lat- 

 ter, 800. Toronto should have a member- 

 ship of at least 2,000. It is possible that 

 the editors of the Toronto and Hamilton 

 papers do not take enough interest in the 

 work of the societies. Could the papers 

 be interested, a marked increase in the 

 membership of the societies would follow. 



SPRAY THIS YEAR 



In all probability, conditions with the 

 apple growers will be altogether different 

 this year from what they were last season. 

 It is, of course, impossible to predict what 

 the apple crop will be, but it is only a 

 fair inference that, taking the whole apple- 

 growing district of North America, the 

 crop will be, at least, a normal one, if not 

 a large one. The failure of last year in 

 the middle western states, and the fact 

 that we had. only an average crop on the 

 rest of the continent, makes even a large 

 crop this year probable. 



It is natural to suppose, therefore, that 

 the prices will not be high. As a matter 

 of fact, there are few years when the de- 

 mand for the lower grades is anything but 

 poor. It is quite possible that as far as 

 shipping fruit is concerned, it will bring 

 nothing next season. The man who will 

 make most money out of his orchard this 

 year, will spray, and reduce the quantity 

 of inferior fruit. 



The results of many experiments, con- 

 ducted by the experimental stations, as 

 well as by private individuals, have demon- 

 strated that it is quite possible, with three 

 or four applications of the Bordeaux mix- 

 ture, to secure a crop eighty to ninety per 

 cent, absolutely free from worm holes and 

 fungous diseases. This can be done at a 

 cost of about $12. oo to $i5.oo an acre. 

 Presuming that the trees would be equally 

 healthy without spraying, which they will 

 not be, and that the quantity of fruit 

 would be as great without spraying, and 

 this would not be the case either, the 

 total expense of spraying would be made 

 up, many times over, in the quali'y of the 

 fruit alone. 



An unsprayed orchard, we will presume, 

 produces eighty barrels, ten of which will 

 grade No. i, and seventy No. 2, and this 

 is the usual grading of unsprayed orchards. 

 At the normal ijrice of $i.oo a barrel on the 

 trees for No. i, and fifty cents a bafi-l for 

 No. 2, this crop would be worth $45.00 an 

 acre. If the same orchard had four spray- 

 ings at a cost of $16.00 an acre, the condi- 

 tions would be reversed. There would be 



seventy barrels of No. i fruit, and ten of 

 No. 2, making the crop worth $75.00, or a 

 gain of 100 per cent, on the cost of spray- 

 ing. This is by no means an exaggerated 

 statement. According to Mr. A. McNeill, 

 chief of the Fruit Division, Ottawa, it has 

 been verified dozens of times. But this 

 is not the complete gain in spraying. Tlv 

 leaves of the trees are so much healthic;, 

 that the buds for a succeding crop are per 

 fectcd, and the chances for having a crop th( 

 following season are worth, perhaps, quit* 

 as much to the orchardist as the improve 

 ment in the grade of the fruit during the 

 spraying year. Again, the quantity of fruit 

 will be much larger. The specimens will 

 not be dwarfed by fungi, nor will the 

 number of the fruits be unduly lessened 

 by the attacks of insects. 



It would seem, therefore, that there is 

 no operation in connection with an orchard 

 that will yield such large returns as spray- 

 ing. It is quite within bounds to say that 

 for every dollar expended in spraying, the 

 orchardist will get two dollars in the in- 

 creased healthfulness of the trees, the in- 

 creased quantity of apples, and in the bet- 

 ter grade of the fruit. 



A WARNING 



It is an opportune time to give a word 

 of warning to our British Columbia readers 

 in respect to the importation ai nursery 

 stock infested with San Jose scale and other 

 pests. Large quantities of nursery stock 

 are imported into that province from tlie 

 states of Idaho, Washington and Oregon, 

 where the scale is quite prevalent in the 

 leading fruit districts. An article in a ro- 

 cent issue of T/ie National Nurseryman 

 points out that this scale is particularly 

 bad in some sections of Idaho. 



During the past shipping season, thou- 

 sands of trees from these states were con- 

 demned, and destroyed by the inspectors at 

 Vancouver while probably fifty trees would 

 cover the amount thrown out from consign- 

 ments sent from Ontario. We have been in- 

 formed that the Ontario trees would not 

 have been thrown out but for the blundering 

 of the inspectors who threw out one lot 

 of Cox's Orange Pippin because their ap- 

 pearance was unusual. This variety is a 

 poor, scraggly grower and is top-worked 

 and, therefore, does not appear to advan- 

 tage. 



It is strange that in spite of the preva- 

 lence of scale in the states named, the 

 British Columbia Government still persists 

 in discriminating against clean, healthy 

 Eastern nursery stock in preference to Uni- 

 ted States concerns who are shipping in 

 diseased trees by the thousand, which are 

 being condemned and destroyed in whole- 

 sale quantities. The establishment of an in- 

 spection station at Revelstoke would not 

 only be fair to Eastern nursery firms but 

 it would allow the growers of British Co- 

 lumbia to secure the kind of nursery stock 

 that they want. 



CO-OPERATIVE SPRAYING 



The work that the Ontario Department of 

 Agriculture has done during the past year 

 in the matter of offering a liberal grant for 

 the purpose of encouraging spraying is to 

 be commended. The formation of co-op- 

 erative sprayirig associations, assisted by 

 the Government grant, will do more than 

 anything else to make the practice of 

 spraying more popular and more general 

 than it is now. A power spraying machine 

 is a necessity in all orchards but, as it is 

 rather expensive, many orchardists can- 



