140 



THE CANADIANHORTICULTURIST 



June, 1908 



were the need of public comfort stations, 

 garden schools for children and the group- 

 ing of public buildings. 



Prof. H. L. Hutt, of the Ontario Agri- 

 cultural College, Guelph, pave practical ad- 

 dresses on "The Establishment and Care of 

 Lawns, "on "Co-operative Spraying," and 

 on "Kitchen Gardens for the City." Mr. 

 John McP. Ross, of Balmy Beach, Tor- 

 onto gave interesting talks on "Ornamen- 

 tal Trees and Shrubs," and on "Peren- 

 ials." Dr. Bethune of Guelph, delivered 

 an instructive lecture on "Fungous and In- 

 sect Pests." Mr. Wm Hunt spoke on 

 "Flowers, Annuals and Bulbs," and 

 "House Plants." 



Among the many good things that the 

 Ottawa Horticultural Society is doing to 

 advance the interests of general horticul- 

 ture is the offering of a prize of $50 for a 

 seedling apple hardy enough for the Otta- 

 wa Valley. 



Bordeaux Injury 



Editor, The Canadian Horticulturist: 

 —In the May issue of The Canadian Hor- 

 ticulturist, I noticed the comments of 

 Mr. R. J. Messenger, of Nova Scotia, in 

 regard to Bordeaux injury. The injurious 

 effect of the Bordeaux, is seen both on the 

 leaves and fruit of almost all our fruits, 

 especially the apple. It varies from a slight 

 russetting of the fruit to a deep cracking 

 and malformations due to the resistance set 

 up by the injured texture of the epider- 

 jnis. 



The leaves, when slightly injured, show 

 brown spots, and, as the degree of injury 

 increases, they become yellow, and even- 

 tually fall. There is no russetting of 

 leaves, as suggested by Mr. Messenger, 

 and the spots' are very much like those 

 caused by the fungi belonging to the gen- 

 era, Phyllosticta and Venturia. 



There is not the slightest doubt that 



ft;n (:i"rwi:rt*?'*:i;t;»riss 



!!i!liliiiiiliJiiiiiiijji||iiiiiiltliinii^ JlllilliillillillliliiiliiiilililliHi 



ll!!!iH!!wiiiiiii;ii!BiiiiliiiffiiJli;iiiiiii:;!!^ 



PAGE WHITE FENCES Sjiiimiimnm 



Get the Best. Styles for Lawns, Farms and Ranches. !!!!!!!!!!!lllllllll|||ii 



■ iiiiiiiiiiiSiiii:"*»>S> 



iijijj! iSJg 



[JHIIJJIjIllK: 



iiiiiijiiiHiii) 



Made of high carbon wire, galvanized and then painted white 

 Tougher and stronj- .r wire than goes into any other fence 

 I Get 1908 prices and illustrated booklet. 



THE PAGE WIRE FENCE CO., LIMITED 



Largest fence and gate manufacturers in Canada, 



I WALKCRVILLE TORONTO MONTREAL ST. JOHN 



SAVE YOUR TREES THIS FALL "^IV^'^o 



Or they'll be killed commercially by San Jose Scale. Spray with Sea ecide, it kills I 

 every insect it touches. Cheaper than Urne sulphur or any home-made mixture.! 

 Easier to apply, non-corrosive, non-clogging, 92% oil— the largest amount with I 

 le.ss water than is found in any spray discovered. Order a 50 gallon barrel at $30, \ 

 duty paid, makes 800 gallons mixture. Works well in any machine 

 tliere's nothing cheaper. Free special booklet. B. G. PRATT, CO., Mfrs., N.Y. ] 



fcSPRAMOTORCO., Sole Can. Aieals, 



1090 Kinft Street, London, Canada. 



THE PROVINCIAL CHEMICAL FERTILIZER CO. LTD. 



ST. JOHN N.B. 



Pure Bone, Slaughter - House Tankage, and Pure Chemicals 



Form the basis of all our Fertilizers 



Our goods are not made to fit the price, they are made to sell on their merits 



OLD WAGONS 

 MADE NEW 



DOMINION 

 WROUGHT IRON 

 WHEEL CO. LTD. 

 ORILLIA. ONT. 



Don't discard an old wagon just because the wheels have 

 gone to pieces. It can be made good for years of yeoman 

 service by putting on our light, strong, Wide-Tire Steel 

 Wheels. Made to fit any size axle or 

 skein. Other advantages told in Free 

 Catalogue. Write for it. 



Bordeaux mixture does have an injurious 

 effect on the apple. This appearance and 

 intensity of the malady is closely related 

 to atmospheric conditions and, to a cer- 

 tain extent, to the variety of fruit. The in- 

 jury is caused by the toxic effect of the 

 copper salts. These salts enter the tissues 

 of the leaves and fruit, destroying the tis- 

 sue and disabling their function. 



This malady appears to have its great 

 est development when the weather is rainy 

 with intcTixittent sunny durations, during 

 the period which follows the falling of the 

 blossoms, and until the fruit i.s the size of 

 marbles. A.s the fruit and leaves grow 

 older, the tissues harden and seem to 

 become less susceptible to the toxic action 

 of copper salts. With these points in view, 

 it seems necessary for us to graduate cm 

 sprayings by lessening the percentage of 

 copper in that spraying which is applicrl 

 dur'n-Jf the most susceptible stage of dt 

 velop.T.ent of the fruit. 



The fruit grower must not become awed 

 at the idea of doing a great deal of dam- 

 age in using Bordeaux mixture. On the 

 contrary, in nearly every case, the good 

 derived from a thorough application of Bor 

 deaux, is always beneficial, and its injur 

 ious effects are more than balanced, f\ 

 cept in a few cases. To those who havt 

 noticed Bordeaux injurv in their orchards, I 

 would suTfgest that they use 3-3-40, and 

 poison formula, after the blossom has fall 

 en, and if the injury still continues, to 

 appear, omit spraying with Bordeaux, and 

 only spray with the poison, but this step 

 should only be taken where the injury is 

 great. 



With regard to the use of lime in the 

 excess with a view of controlling or pre- 

 venting this malady, I might say that I 

 heartily believe, with Prof. Hedrick, that 

 an excess of lime has no beneficial results, 

 for our worst case of injury followed appli- 

 cations which contained a great excess of 

 lime. Mr. Hedrick, in his bulletin on this 

 subject, says that Bordeaux injury greatly 

 depreciates the keeping qualities of the 

 fruit. This depends entirely on the degrep 

 of injury, where the fruit is fairly well re- 

 setted. I have found it keeping splendid- 

 ly on ordinary storage, and this in the 

 early part of March. However, where the 

 injury is severe, and the fruit is cracked, 

 it does not keep. The effect of Bordeaux 

 injury on the keeping qualities af ap-.j 

 pies for commercial use varies with the de- 

 gree of intensity of the malady, and in or- 

 dinary cases has but little effect, but in the! 

 case of long storages for home consump-j 

 tion, the effect would be marked. 'i 



In concluding, I might say for the bene- 5 

 fit of Mr. Messenger, that if he thorough-; 

 ly understood Prof. Hedrick's exccllent| 

 treatise on this very important subject andj 

 one which is destined to cause the applej 

 grower considerable anxiety, he will bet 

 easily convinced that the treatise contains.- 

 valuable information, which only needsi" 

 careful observation to be verified by any. 

 grower. — T. B. Revett, Department of Ag- ' 

 riculture, Toronto. 



Choice gladioli, lilies and begonias given 

 away. See inside back cover. ■ 



We are pleased to say that we share your 

 views in regard to the value of The Cana-^ 

 DiAN Horticulturist as an advertising me- 

 dium. The results that we have secured,- 

 have been highly satisfactory. An enquiry 

 came to hand quite recently from France, 

 it was preceded by several from England. 

 — Luke Brothers Company, Montreal, Que* 



