The Rose Outdoors and its Culture 



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THERE is no other flower that grows 

 in the garden that can compare 

 with the fresh, sweet perfume of 

 the rose. The rose is "Queen of the 

 Garden." Everybody loves the rose, 

 and many people try to grow it ; but 

 how many succeed? — only a small per- 

 centage, I /ear. Yet there is no great 

 difficulty in successfully growing roses 

 if you give the right conditions and the 

 necessary attention. 



SOIL 



In the cultivation of the rose the first 

 and most important consideration is good 

 soi). I have found moderately heavy 

 loam to be the best, and if success is 



C. Craig, Ottawa 



uie, with another layer of manure on 



that and finishing No. i trench with the 



soil from No. 2. I have seen large 



rose gaidens trenched three feet deep 



v/ith four layers of manure; but one must 



^ be go^ erned by the soil he is working 



"with. The object of this trenching is to 



provide nourishment wherever the roots 



may go ; most roses are strong feeders. 



To those who cannot always secure 



farmyard manure I would say that a 



good substitute is rough bone meal well 



worked into the soil. Deep cultivation 



is also a preventive against mildew and 



other fungous troubles. 



.When planting, by no means let the 



An Amateur's Water 



10 follow, the soil must be deeply culti- 

 vateil. 



TRENCHING AND MANURING 



The ground should be trenched at 

 least eighteen inches or two feet, all de- 

 pending on the subsoil. If it is possible 

 to go two feet, or even three feet, with- 

 out striking gravel or sand or other poor 

 quality of soil, it will be all the -better ; 

 for roses, especially hybrid perpetuals, 

 are very deep rooting. 



First take out your first trench eight- 

 een inches to two feet wide, wheeling 

 all that comes *out of it to where you 

 intend finishing the operation. If trench- 

 ing eighteen inches to two feet, put a 

 l.'iyer of manure in the bottom, then 

 put the top spit of the top of the man- 



*A portion of a pftper read at a meeting 

 Ottowa.HorticuItural Society in June. 



of the 



Garden— See Next Page 



roots come in contact with the manure. 

 The young roots when beginning to grow 

 are unable to assimilate the rank food 

 and consequently die. It may not seem 

 necessary to tell this, but all too fre- 

 quently inattention to whether the roots 

 come in contact with the manure or not, 

 is the cause of failure to grow roses. I 

 had an example of this last spring, when 

 I sold some rose plants to a certain gen- 

 tleman. He came to me a few weeks 

 later and said that his roses were dead. 

 In answer to my questions as to his 

 mode of planting he said, "I gave them 

 every chance and I filled the holes full 

 of manure before I planted the roses." 

 My remark was, "You killed the roses 

 with kindness." This mistake often 

 happens with the beginner, not only 

 with roses, but with other plants as 



well. Let plants get a good start, then 

 apply the kindness. 



FERTILIZERS 



As a stimulant I would recommend sul- 

 phate of ammonia or Albert's manure, 

 about one ounce to a gallon of water. 



WATERING 



Another important point in successful 

 rose culture is the use of the hose. I 

 fully endorse the remarks of one of our 

 most successful rose growers, that cold 

 water applied from a hose pipe with force 

 is the best means of ridding your roses 

 of insects, especially the red spider. If 

 syringing and watering is carried out 

 faithfully morning and evening, there 

 will be little trouble from insects. Some- 

 one may ask, what about mildew if you 

 water at night? If the plants have been 

 properly cared for as to deep cultivation, 

 and so forth, they will be in a state of 

 health that mildew will hardly attack 

 them. After a dry, parching day as we 

 very often get, the plants seem to glory 

 in a nightly bath. 



In carrying out the foregoing the 

 .grower must study his plants. If they 

 are inclined to be weak they will need 

 careful handling and attention as to man- 

 uring or once more his kindness may 

 prove disastrous. The object must be to 

 build up a strong constitution in the 

 plants, not a great amount of soft, rank 

 growth, but good, hard, solid wood that 

 will stand hardships, for the rose in 

 Canada has many hardships to go 

 through. 



PRUNING 



Pruning should be done immediately on 

 the first sign of the buds swelling. It is 

 difficult to lay down any hard and fast 

 rule for pruning rose bushes, but speak- 

 ing generally, I would say take out all 

 weak wood and cut the preceding year's 

 growth back to fifteen or eighteen inch- 

 es above the soil. The grower must be 

 observant as to the habit and vigor of 

 his plants. 



VARIETIES TO PLANT 



In the following lists, I include varie- 

 ties which I know are hardy. While 

 there are some newer varieties which 

 may be preferable, those I mention will 

 give good satisfaction and encourage the 

 amateur to enlarge his collection. 



HYBRID PERPETUALS 



Crimson — Alfred Colomb, Duke of Ed-''^ 

 inburgh, General Jacqueminot, Prince, 

 Camille de Rochan ; red — Ulrich Brun- / 

 ner. General Washington, Jubileee; pink; 

 — Magna Charta, Paul Neyron, Mrs. 

 John Laing, Mde. Gabrielle Luizet, Bar- 



