November, 1908 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



251 



Apples on Lake Ontario 



Alex. McNeill, Chief Frait Divifion, Ottawa 



Everywhere there is evidence that, 

 ^though orchards in the counties from Halton 

 Hastings bordering on Lake Ontario, as 

 aentioned in the August issue of The Ca- 

 nadian Horticulturist have been giving 

 Excellent returns, the orchardists are very 

 oorly informed in their business. There is 

 fery great need for educational work 

 liroughout the whole of this district. By 

 ray of practical recommendation I would 

 luggest : 



I. 1. That main tile drains, at least, be run 

 through the depressions in the orchard. It 

 would be much better if the whole ground 

 were thoroughly under-drained, but if only 

 the main drains were put in it would im- 

 prove matters very much. 



2. That cultivation be commenced as soon 

 as the frost is out of the ground and the 

 ■over crop sown not later than the middle 



of July. 



3. That all orchards, old and young, be 

 sprayed at least three times with the poison- 

 ed Bordeaux mixture, the first spraying to 

 he made as soon as the first green is seen; 

 the second spraying as soon as the blossoms 

 have fallen; and the third spraying ten days 

 nr two weeks later. Better still, spray first 

 with lime and sulphur between March 20th 

 and April 20th or not later than just before 

 the buds swell, and then three times with 

 the Bordeaux mixture as directed above. 

 ICither of these systems of spraying, even if 

 followed mechanically, would hold in check 

 nine-tenths of the insects and fungous 

 diseases which infest the orchards. 



4. That an improvement be made in the 

 system of pruning which would keep the 

 outside of the trees thinner and would grow 



more new wood on the larger branches to- 

 wards the centre of the tree. 



5. That experiments be made in the low 

 headed form of tree. This would have to 

 be done consistently throughout the whole 

 of one young orchard, and the implements 

 of culture would have to correspond to the 

 low-headed form. 



6. Organization among the apple growers, 

 not only for the purpose of selling their 

 fruit, but for the purpose of buying supplies 

 and for the purpose of rendering themselves 

 in a measure independent of the itinerant 

 apple buyer. The Inspection and Sale Act 

 should be widely distributed and carefully 

 read by every apple grower; otherwise a 

 certain class of apple buyers are apt to make 

 false representations to the financial loss 

 of the growers. I was unable to find a single 

 grower who had sold under a contract drawn 

 up by himself. Where contracts were sign- 

 ed they were drawn up by the btiyer bnd 

 wholly in his interest. If a written contract 

 accompanied every sale, with the stipulation 

 that the grades No. 1 and No.' 2 referred to 

 in the contract would mean Grade No. 1 

 and Grade No. 2 as defined by the Inspect- 

 ion and Sale Act, much annoyance and 

 serious financial loss would be avoided. 



Apples Sold Privately 



On another page of this issue may be seen 

 the card of Mr. A. S. Chapin, 75 Yonge St., 

 Toronto, one of our largest apple exporters 

 whose firms a representative of The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist had the pleasure of 

 calling upon during a visit to the Mother- 

 land. In Liverpool, Mr. Chapin represents 

 the firm of D. Crossley & Sons, who have 

 been in business in that city over 50 years. 

 This firm sells exclusively by private sale 



APPLES 



FOR 



EXPORT 



REPRESENTING 



THOS. RUSSELL 



GLASGOW 



J. & H. GOODWIN 



Manchester, Liverpool and Hull 



Will be pleased to keep you advised 

 regarding the condition of the Euro- 

 pean Markets. If you have any 

 apples for export, call or write 



FRED. BARKER 



25 CHURCH ST., TORONTO, CANADA 



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Our Address is 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



PETERBORO, ONT, 



ORCHARD AND VINEYARD PLOWING 



With a "CROWN-ORCHARD-GANG" 



HERE'S a plow that will provide a remedy for the troubles you have had in plowing your orchard or vine- 

 yard. No more breaking of tender trees or tearing of vines in an attempt to plow close. 

 With a "Crown-Orchard-Gang" you can plow within three inches of the trees and not injure 

 anything. The left-hand wheel is set inside the frame, so that the left-hand side presents a clean, straight sur- 

 face when pa.ssing along the rows. 



The " Crown-Orchard-Gang" has all the fine lines of the ordinary " Crown " 2-Furrow Plow, which is 

 doing the fall and spring plowing on the farms of thousands of prosperous farmers — the kind of men who see that 

 there is money in saving the time of one man, one horse and one plow. 



A " Crovrn-Orchard-Gang " will do just as good work in the open field as in the orchard. Two good 

 horses will handle it, but we advise the use of three horses. You can do more work in one day and do it better 

 with a " C. O. G." plow and three horses than two men and four horses can do with two ordinary walking 

 plows. See where the saving comes in ! 



As for a Sulky Plow — well, it just amounts to this : In the same time and with the same horse flesh 

 you, by walking, can turn as much sod in one day with a " C. O. G." as another man can turn in two days 

 with a single furrow sulky. That's worth considering. 



Read what a prominent orchardist, Ezra Honsberger of Jordan Station, has to say: "In regard to two-furrow 

 Orchard Plow, I find it just what the orchardists want. You can plow against the tree 

 or vine without the horses interfering with the tree, in fact it is a great deal better than the 

 single two-horse plow. 



" I also find that it is just the thing in the open field, so much so, that I do not like to 

 use the one-furrow plow at all. 



"I find that the heft of the plow is a decided advantage as it keeps it steady and 

 lessens the side drift, which is necessary in getting close to trees. " 



Send for our special pamphlet on this plow — it's free. 



The Frost & Wood Co., Limited 



SMITH'S FALLS, CANADA 



It iH floBiriililo to mention the n.-i.nio of thla pnblioalion when writing to ndvprtisors 



