December, igo8 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



279 



POULTRY DEPT 



December is the most important month in 

 many respects to the poultry-keeper. If 

 eggs are to be expected in January and 

 throughout the winter, regular and intelli- 

 gent care must "be given to the fowl from 

 now on and, in fact, those who began a 

 month ago to give their hens proper condi- 

 tions for laying, are most likely to get the 

 best egg harvest. Proper conditions in- 



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This illustrates the Spra- 

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elude the whole situation, which may be 

 divided into three parts; viz.. the poultry 

 house, the fowl, and feeding. 



The house should be in thorough order in 

 every respect. The windows should be 

 sound and scrupulously clean. This is very 

 necessary. The days are now very short. 

 At the earliest, the fowl cannot see to eat 

 before seven a.m. and after four p.m. at the 

 latest. This means a period of fifteen hours 

 between the last meal of the day and the 

 first of the next, which shows the need of 

 all the light that can possibly be given. 

 In cities and towns this long gap b.?tween 

 supper and breakfast is shortened by giving 

 a fourth meal between eight and nine 

 o'clock at night by electric light and, in 

 some cases, the result has been very en- 

 couraging and successful. This can be done 

 hy lamplight but it takes from half to three- 

 quarters of an hour each night, which may 

 not be considered worth while unless large 

 flocks are kept. 



The fowls should be healthy, in good con- 

 dition, and the pullets mature. There is a 

 wide difference of opinion about the num- 

 ber of layers that should be kept in each 

 flock or pen. Personally, I think twenty- 

 five or thirty is plenty for each pen. One 

 expert says: "When you think you have 

 room for twenty layers only keep ten." 

 This is good advice. If you have to lessen 

 the number of fowl kept, begin by remov- 

 ing all the spare males, young and old, 

 keeping only those needed for breeding next 

 spring. Next, remove all hens over two 

 years of age, except if the breed kept is 

 Leghorn or any of the Mediterranean class, 

 when they may be kept until three years of 

 age. After the old hens, remove the very 

 young pullets. This should leave only ser- 

 viceable birds that, with proper food, 

 should return eggs in profitable quantities. 



The layers should be fed three times a 

 day, twice with grain and once with soft 



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