CONTENTS. XXIX 



SECTION IV. 



DEVELOPMENT A.ND ILLUSTRATION OF THE NEW THEORY, OR PRIN- 

 CIPLE. 



Universal influence of Exposure and Shelter. History and progress 

 of Experiments to demonstrate this, p. 112. — Importance of the study 

 of Vegetable Physiology. Rank and precedency of the Four Protect- 

 ing Properties, p. 116. — I. Thickness and Induration of Bark. Idea 

 of the Double course of the Sap in Trees. Doctrine of its circulation. 

 Grew, Malpighi, De la Baisse, Du Hamel, Knight, Ellis, Keith. Strik- 

 ing effects of Heat and Cold, p. 118. — II. Girth and Stoutness of Stem, 

 p. 123. — III. Numerousness of Roots and Fibres, p. 125. — New Theory 

 of Tap-roots. Their j\nalogy to, and Coexistence with leading branch- 

 es, p. 127. — IV. Extent, Balance, and Closeness of Branches. Roots 

 and Branches relative and correlative. Curious Protection furnished 

 to the Colder sides of Trees, p. 129. — Largest-headed Trees resist the 

 wind the best, p. 133. — New Principle of reversing the Position of the 

 Branches on Removal. Great effect produced by it. Unfounded na- 

 ture of Prejudices against the practice, p. 135. — Idea of the Preserva- 

 tive, in contradistinction to the Mutilating method. Specimen of a 

 tree removed at Allanton House. Comparative view of the two Sys- 

 tems, as applied to Practice, p. 136. 



SECTION V. 



FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW THEORY. SELECTION OF 

 SUBJECTS FOR REMOVAL. 



Selection of Subjects, the most difficult part of the Art. Good sub- 

 jects more numerous than is generally believed, p. 142. — Errors usually 

 committed by Planters. I. Want of a proper adaptation of Trees to 

 Soils. Illustrated by Cropping in Husbandry, p. 144. — The handsom- 

 est Trees alioays those that thrive the best, p. 145. — II. Taking Sub- 

 jects from Close Woods and Plantations, p. 145. — Effects of Climate 

 on Animals. Consequence of counteracting the LaAvs of Nature, p. 146. 

 — HI. Setting out too early into the open field. Fallacious Expectations 

 entertained respecting that practice, p. 147. — Striking Illustration by a 

 real Example. Theory of ill success. Close analogy between Ve- 

 getable and Animal life, p. 148. — Idea of a proper selection of Sub- 



