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form scope, that is given for tlie elongation of the roots, on a 

 space of ground of such increased magnitude. The second 

 saving is, that on such a space, it is very seldom that any ex- 

 tra earth can be wanted, in order to supply a deficiency of 

 soil, as must sometimes happen with single trees. On clayey 

 land, you may freely go down, and procure the depth re- 

 quired ; because no water can stagnate, where there is no pit 

 to hold it, but where the entire bottom of the space, or area 

 trenched, is worked to a uniform level, that is, a slope-level, 

 so as to carry off the water collected from the surface ; and 

 hence the great excellence of deep trenching in every case. 

 The only case which can require an aid of extra earth to the 

 soil, is where pure sand or gravel, as on small eminences, 

 rises nearly to the surface, and where there is next to no- 

 thing to form the nourishment of plants. 



During the trenching of the spaces, it is advisable to give 

 the work a good dressing of compost of a quality directly op- 

 posite to the quaUty of the soil, and to be dashed on, thinly 

 and frequently, over the face or front of the new earth 

 thrown up. If this be abundantly done, one extra cart-load 

 of compost (I mean a single cart) for each tree is sufficient, 

 not omitting a third part more of the peaty or general com- 

 post, to finish the preparation. The inexperienced planter 

 may rely upon it, that there is no improvement more cer- 

 tain than this of trenching at once the whole area which a 

 group comprises, instead of the preparation of pits for indi- 

 vidual trees. It is not always that the best style of work 

 proves the cheapest in the begimiing, however it may in 

 general turn out in the eiid. But in the present instance, 

 the most perfect economy is united with the most perfect effi- 

 ciency, and the success of the trees, and the improvement of 

 the ground are equally consulted. 



It is to be noticed, that the work of preparation, in every 

 situation where it is convenient, should be done a year at 

 least before the removal of the trees. This is a maxim fully 



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