48 TRAINING. 



walk and then on the spot, at the same time the horse has 

 to be made flexible in the jaw and in the neck, before and 

 after each lesson. 



Now we go over to balancing the horse, that means 

 the horse has to be ridden for a certain time in a short, 

 steady and even trot, the result will be that you will get 

 the horse accustomed to go up to the hand and leg, for 

 this reason you have to ride your horse well into the cor- 

 ners of the ring, also when trotting ride the turnings, 

 changes and circles. When the horse does all of the 

 above instructions correctly, it will be well to commence 

 with the passages, which should always be done at first 

 from the ground. (What is called passages ?) It means 

 that the horse goes on a double track. What are the pas- 

 sages ? There is the full passage and the half passage, 

 after this comes the shoulder in. You should always 

 begin to train your horse first with haunches in. When 

 the horse is properly placed in shoulder in, his body from 

 head to tail should be curved. The head and shoulders 

 leading. The inward legs crossing the outward on two 

 parallel lines, the hind feet one yard from the side. Sup- 

 pose that you wish to make the horse go right shoulder 

 in, you first place the horse by feeling the right rein and 

 closing the left leg, but the rider must be careful not to 

 bring the forehand in too much. When he is in the proper 

 position the right leg should be closed and the shoulders 

 led off by the left rein, the bend being kept to the right, so 

 that the horse will be gaining ground to his left, moving 



