April, 1907 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



99 



his trees. He (the lecturer) was not preaching 

 one method and practising another; he was 

 simply advising others to do exactly what he 

 was doing himself, and unless he was perfectly 

 satisfied that what he was doing was right, 

 he would not waste his time and money on the 

 pursuit. Moreover, it was just as much to 

 the interest of dwellers in the cities to do all 

 they could to encourage fruit growing, as there 

 could be no doubt that every extra orchard 

 meant an additi nal family, and every extra 

 family in the neighborhood meant more money 

 circulating. Referring to the exhibits, he had 

 never seen finer apples grown anywhere, and 

 if they were typical specimens of N.B. grown 

 apples, no grower in the province need have 

 the least fear as to getting rid at very remun- 

 erative prices, of as many as he could produce. 



Prof. Sears, of the Agri. College, Truro, then 

 gave an address upon the "Care and Cultiva- 

 tion of an Orchard." He thought that those 

 who had heard Mr. McNeill could hardly come 

 to any other conclusion than that an orchard 

 was a paying concern. He fully agreed with 

 him that it was useless to embark in the apple 

 growing business on a small scale. The 5 acre 

 orchard was as small as could be made profit- 

 able; but properly attended to there was no 

 branch of farming that paid like it. His own 

 idea was that 10 acres was as small an area 

 as it was advisable to plant, and in an orchard 

 of this size a grower should have at least 6 

 different varieties, as in the case of the failure 

 of any one or more variety, the others were 

 there to fall back on. The cream of varieties 

 to his mind were the Duchess, Wealthy, Alex- 

 ander, Wolfe River, Fameuse, Mackintosh, 

 Dudley or North Star, and the Baxter. He 

 would pick 6 out of this lot and plant his 10 

 acre orchard with them 



In embarking on apple growing, the 1st con- 

 sideration should be the site of the orchard. 

 There were 3 points to be considered in doing 

 this, and these were soil, slope and shelter. 



The question of soil was perhaps the least, 

 and shelter the most, important. Apples, if 

 properly looked after, usually will grow on any 

 kind of soil, but they do best on a good clay 

 loam, if such was to be had. As to slope, it 

 was better to have the slope from the sun 

 rather than towards it, as a northward slope 

 would guard against the heaviest winds which 

 usually came from the south-west. The other 

 important matter was that of shelter. If a 

 site could be obtained which was sheltered by 

 woods or any large growth of natural timber, 

 it was astonishing how an orchard would thrive 

 under such circumstances. In planting, he 

 thought the proper system to adopt was to 

 plant strong, vigorous trees of a hardy variety 

 and, when they were fairly started in growth, 

 then re-top them with scions of the particular 

 variety it was desired to grow. This would 

 result in hardier trees than if the tree of the 

 desired variety had been planted at first. It 

 was most essential to plant only the very best 

 stock of the kind, and if it was to be got, get 

 it from a local grower, as for various reasons, 

 it would not pay the latter to sell rubbish to 

 be planted in his own district, and, besides, 



trees bought locally need not be out of the 

 ground for anything like so long a time as 

 would be the case if bought from a distance. 



Laying off the orchard required the greatest 

 care, particularly in the matter of laying out 

 the trees to see that they were in straight lines. 

 This might seem an easy matter, but it was 

 surprising what a difference in the appearance 

 of the rows a few inches out of the straight 

 would make. He feared Mr. McNeill's esti- 

 mate of $3 an acre would have to be consider- 

 ably increased unless labor could be obtained 

 for very much less wages than he had been 

 accustomed to pay. In planting, too, never 

 put manure of any kind near the roots. If 

 the ground is such as to require some manure, 

 then simply spread it lightly on the top of the 

 soil when the roots were filled in. It was a 

 good plan, also, to wrap the stems of the trees 

 with some sort of covering in the fall; news- 

 papers would do, but building paper was bet- 

 ter. These saved the stems from being knocked 

 about, from the attacks of mice and from sun- 

 scalds. It should be continued each year 

 until the tree was 5 or 6 years old. He had 

 no hesitation in saying that if any one went to 



W. A. BROUGHTON, Samia, Agent 



Mention The Canadian HortiiMilturist wlien writing. 



Iron A^e Potato Planter 



IMPROVED ROBBIINS 



THE ONLY POTATO PLANTER 

 THAT DOES PERFECT WORK 



(See article published in this issue) 



Bateman Manufacturing Company 



Box 516 - GRENLOCH, N.J. 



Dominion Line 



ROYAL MAIL STEAMSHIPS 



PORTLAND TO LIVERPOOL 

 *DOMINION April 6th 



KENSINGTON .... " 13th 



*SOUTHWARK " 20th 



*CANADA " 27th 



♦These Steamers carry all classes of passengers 



MONTREAL TO LIVERPOOL 



OTTAWA May 4th 



KENSINGTON .... "11th 



PORTLAND TO BRISTOL 



(Avonmouth Dock) 

 MANXMAN April 18th 



MONTREAL TO BRISTOL 



ENGLISHMAN .... May 4th 



TURCOMAN "18th 



MANXMAN " 26th 



Favorite Steamers for all kinds of perishable cargo having fan 

 ventilation, cold storage, and cool air chamljer. 



GEORGE W. TORRANCE, 



Freight Agent 



M. A. OVEREND 1 



J. W. WILKINSON / ■ ■ 



DOMINION LINE-PORTLAND, Maine. 



Mention The Canadian Horticulturist when writing 



28 Wellington St. E., TORONTO 

 . . Travelling Freight Agents 



"TARGET BRAND" 



Seal 



caie 



TftAOr HAM, 



••dOI&TEAkO IN U. 8. rAT&NT OFFIO» 



Destroyei 



IS NOW THE PEER 

 OF OIL SPRAYS 



FOR SAN JOSE SCALE, OYSTER-SHELL BARK-LOUSE 

 APHIS AND SIMILAR PESTS 



Destroys both nisects and eggs. Is NOT hi the least injurious to 



trees, etc. Does not separate while spraying, and CAN BE 



instantly PREPARED right IN THE FIELD. 



Jordan Harbor, Ontario 

 ** Having had occasion to use a trial can of your ' Target Brand " Scale Destroyer 

 on a tree that had the scale as bad as a tree could have it, I gave it one application 

 last spring, and have found it a success after a thorough examination. 1 am con- 

 vinced that it win do the work, as I cannot find a live scale left. "—ENOS J.FISHER 



(Mr. Fisher has bought a second supply to use on the trees which surrounded this one.) 

 We have others still stronger than the above. See previous issues. 



W. H. BRAND 



Canadian Representative 

 and Salesman 



Jordan Station, Ont. 



Mention The Canadian Horticulturist when writing. 



