ily, 1907 



I 



^^H loaded on the steamers, and thus are never 



^^Kpected. 



^^■Provision should be made that where a ship- 



BHfcr has been convicted, on several occasions, of 

 fraudulent work, the fine imposed should be 

 sufficient to deter further practices of that nature 

 It might be well, even, to make imprisonment 

 of such offenders possible. The Department of 

 Agriculture would do well also to pubUsh the 

 names of all jjarties convicted twice in the same 



-, season of fraudulent packing. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



175 



A SHARPER CAUGHT AGAIN O 



Some weeks ago considerable attention was 

 drawn to the case of an Ontario apple shipper 

 who was detected by the Dominion Department 

 of Agriculture in an attempt to re-mark, fraudu- 

 lentlv barrels of apples just before they were 

 placed on board at Portland, Me. Recently the 

 same offender was caught in another piece of 

 sharp work. One of the Dominion fruit in- 

 spectors examined his fruit in his warehouse 

 and passed it r»s having been correctly marked. 

 Suspecting, however, that an attempt might be 

 made to re-mark these barrels, the inspector in 

 question boarded a passenger train and reached 

 Montreal before the fruit had arrived. 



The inspector waited in the Grand Trunk 

 yards, and when the train with the fruit arrived, 

 he found that the cars containing the barrels 

 were occupied by a man who had re-marked the 

 barrels while they were in transit. The result 

 y/is that the Department took action and the 

 offender was fined S80 and S40 costs. This is 

 the first occasion upon which action has been 

 taken under the Fruit Marks Act for changing 

 marks. The packer in this case has been con- 

 victed four times this season for breaking the 

 Frtiit Marks Act 



A great mistake is made by some'British 

 Columbia fruit growers in trying to ship their fruit 

 too ripe. California found out, many years ago, 

 that a critical stage to pick was when the fruit 

 had its full color and tasted natural. They 

 soon found by experience, when the fruit was 

 past the "green" taste, and the seed of apple, 

 pear or peach was past the "milk" or sUghtly 

 cream, the fruit was fully matm-ed, and could be 

 depended on to "carry" a long way. Orchard 

 foremen do naught but see to the time of picking 

 at the proper stage; by tasting, cutting and in- 

 specting ever>' day, till a certain stage is reached. 

 Their knowledge to the shipping pubUc has 

 placed CaUfornia fruit on all marts of the world. 

 Many an orchardist of the west and middle west 

 of the United States has found ready employ- 

 ment in this special line in the great fruit belts 

 of the coast and interior British Columbia. 

 Local fruit growers who now ship too ripe, 

 should follow the teachings of these men and, 

 therehv, help to raise the standard of that por- 

 tion of British Columbia fruit that is not up to 

 the plane that the province is striving to attain. 



In every issue may be found articles and news 

 notes from writers in each province of the Do- 

 minion. This issue contains many articles of 

 particular value to the fruit growers of British 

 Columbia. All persons interested in the fruit 

 industry of that province are invited to sub- 

 scribe. The price is only fifty cents a year. 



- Since last fall, the work of inspecting the fruit 

 that passes through the port of Montreal for 

 exfKJrt has Ix^en done more thoroughly than ever 

 before. The work has Ijeen under the direction 

 of Mr. M. R. Baker, one of the Dominion fruit 

 inspectors, who is deserving of much credit for 

 the improvement that has taken place. Last 

 fall the method of inspecting the fruit was largely 

 reorganized, more attention being given to the 

 inspecting of the fruit that passed through the 

 city during the night. The result is that the 

 numljer of inspections made has shown an in- 

 crease of over one-third more than the best year 

 since the Fruit Marks Act came into force. 

 Fruit passing through Montreal at night, now, 

 is as likelv to be inspected as that loaded on the 

 steamers during the day. This is as it should be. 



Our Loss is XKeir Gain 



It is announced that Prof. F. C. Sears, hor- 

 ticulturist at the Agricultural College, Truro, 

 N.S., has been appointed professor of pomology 

 at the Massachusetts Agricultural College, 

 Amherst, Mass. The news will be received 

 with regret by the horticulturists of Canada, 

 particularly those in Nova Scotia, as Professor 

 .Sears has many friends, and has done excellent 

 work in that province. 



About 10 years ago he was offered and ac- 



cepted the position of director of the Nova 

 Scotia school of horticulture, supported by 

 the provincial government. He conducted this 

 school very ably up to the time of its merger 

 with the Nova Scotia Agricultural College at 

 Truro, when he became professor of horticul- 

 ture of that institution. His work has been 

 along broad lines, teaching, experimental work 

 and extension work, and as Nova Scotia is a 

 great fruit district, especially in the apple line, 

 he has become very proficient and expert on 

 pomological lines. He is regarded as a prom- 

 inent authority by the people connected with 

 the departments of agriculture in Washington 

 and in Canada, and the trustees of the Nova 

 Scotia agricultural college offered him a raise 

 of $.500 in salary to stay with the provincial 

 institution. Canadians hope that Professor 

 Sears will reconsider the matter and remain 

 on this side of the line. His services are needed 

 in the development of Maritime horticulture. 



The Niag'ara ErXperiment Station 



THE newly-appointed director of the 

 Horticultural Experiment Station at 

 Jordan Harbor, Ont., is H. S. Peart, 

 B.S.A., late lecturer in horticulture at 

 the Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph. Mr. 

 Peart was Ijorn at Nelson, Ont., near Burlington, 



The Canadian Horticulturist is a national 

 publication, not local. Its articles are pre- 

 pared for the horticulturists of all Canada. 



H. S. Peart, B.S.A. 



and is a son of Edwin Peart, a well-known general 

 fruit grower of that locality. Director Peart 

 is a cousin of A. W. Peart, provincial fruit ex- 

 perimenter for the Burlington district, and a di- 

 rector of The Horticultural Publishing Co. He 

 lived on the fruit farm of his father until 1899, 

 when he undertook a course at the O.A.C., 

 Guelph, specializing in horticulture and graduat- 

 ing in 1903. Immediately after graduation, he 

 was appointed assistant in horticulture at the 

 same institution, succeeding A. B. Cutting, 

 B.S.A., now horticultural editor of The Cana- 

 Di.\N Horticulturist. Mr. Peart filled the 

 position with credit until his appointment to 

 Jordan Harbor, June 1, 1907. With the support 

 of the fruit growers of the province, Mr. Peart 

 will endeavor to work out many perplexing 

 problems that can be solved only by the patient, 

 accurate application of science with practice 

 and by the earnest cooperation of all persons 

 concerned. 



The work this season at the Horticultural 

 Experiment Station at Jordan Harbor, Ont., 

 will be mainly constructive. Between 10 and 11 

 miles of tile drain will be laid. An office and 

 workbuilding and the director's residence will be 



erected. The work of clearing the land, which 

 was started one year ago, will be continued and 

 the experimental blocks laid out. 



Some variety tests of vegetables, have been 

 undertaken to form a basis for selection work 

 next season. Peas, beets, carrots, onions, 

 spinach and corn are already planted, A few 

 late potatoes will be set and given different 

 cultural treatments, A small strawberry planta- 

 tion will be put out to form a nucleus for suc- 

 ceeding years. 



In an apple orchard, some 30 years old, a 

 tillage exiDeriment will be started. About one- 

 third of the sod was broken last autumn. About 

 one-third has been plowed this spring. The 

 balance will be left in sod. The two plowed 

 sections will receive the same tillage up to about 

 July 15, when one-half of the spring and one- 

 half of the fall-plowed sections will be sown with 

 a cover crop: the remainder will be given clean 

 tillage. This should form a valuable object 

 lesson to illustrate the advantages or disadvant- 

 ates of the various methods. 



Some work at reclaiming the lake bank is 

 being undertaken. The station hopes to be 

 able to give some assistance to the residents 

 along the lake who are face to face with the 

 washing-out problem. 



It is the intention of Mr. Rittenhouse to 

 macadamize the road and lay a four-foot- con- 

 crete pavement on the township line, which lies 

 along the eastern boundary of the place. This 

 will add materially to the value of the property 

 and will afford an excellent object lesson for 

 visitors. 



Mr. Jas. Johnstone, who is president of the 

 British Columbia Fruit Growers' Association, 

 was instrumental in pioneering the growing 

 of fruit in Kootenay and of bringing the great 

 excellence of that district to public notice. 

 He has filled many important offices, among 

 them president of the Nelson Agricultural and 

 Industrial Association and of the Kootenay 

 Fruit Growers' Association. He is now presi- 

 dent of the newly formed Fruit and Produce 

 Exchange of British Columbia, which has for 

 its chief object the distribution of all fruit in 

 the province from a central office, so as to pre- 

 vent the different local associations from send- 

 ing too much fruit into any one market at one 

 time; in fact, the even distribution of British 

 Columbia fruit throughout the provinces of 

 the west from Winnipeg to the Pacific coast. 

 This is one of the most forward movements 

 ever made in the fruit industry in any country. 

 A portrait of Mr. Johnstone appears on page 179. 



One Maynard plum tree, worth $1.50, sent 

 prepaid to every reader who will send us one new 

 subscription to The Canadian Horticulturist 

 at 50 cts. See our offer on page iv. 



