108 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



August, IQO'J 



The Canadian norliculturist 



Published by The Horticultural 

 Publishinar Company, Limited 



The Only Horticultural Magazine 

 in the Dominion 



(MBcial Orcan of British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec 



and Prince Edward Island Fruit Growers' 



Associations and of the Ontario Vec- 



etable Growers* Association 



H. Bronson Cowan, 



Managing Editor and Business Manager 



A. B. Cutting, B.S.A., Horticultural Editor 



W G. Rook, Advertising Manager 



Garrett Wall, Circulation Manager 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist is published on 

 the 25th day of the month preceding date of issue. 



2. Subscription Price in Canada and Great Britain iO 

 cents a year, three years $1.20. For United States and 

 local subscriptions in Toronto, 25c. extra a year is charged 

 for postage Foreign subscriptions, $1.00 a year, in- 

 cluding postage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post OfBce or 

 Money Express Order, or Registered Letter. Postage 

 Stamps accepted for amounts less than $1.00. 



4. Discontinuances — Responsible subscribers will con- 

 tinue to receive The Horticulturist until the publishers 

 are notified by letter to <!iscontinue, when all arrearages 

 must be paid. 



5. Change of Address — When a change of address is 

 ordered, both the old and the new addresses must be 

 given. 



6. Advertising Rates quoted on application. Sworn 

 circulation 6,800. Copy received up to the 18th. Re- 

 sponsible representatives wanted in towns and cities. 



7. Articles and Illustrations for publication will be 

 thankfully received by the editor. 



Our Protective PoUcy 



We want the readers of The Canadian Horticul- 

 turist to feel that they can deal with our advertisers 

 with oor assurance of the advertisers' reliability. We 

 try to admit to our columns only the most reliable ad- 

 vertisers. Should any subscriber, therefore, have good 

 cause to be dissatisfied with the treatment he receives 

 from any of our advertisers, we will look into the matter 

 and investigate Ifce circumstances fully. Should we 

 find reason to believe that any of our advertisers are un* 

 reliable, even in the slightest degree, we will discontinue 

 immediately the publication of their advertisements in 

 The Horticulturist. Should the circumstances war- 

 rant we will expose them throush the columns of the 

 paper. Thus, we will not only protect our readers, but 

 «>ur reputable advertisers as well. All that is necessary 

 to entitle you to the benefits of this Protective Policy is 

 that you mclude in all your letters to advertisers the 

 words "I saw your ad. in The Canadian Horticultur- 

 ist." Complaints should be sent to us as soon as possi' 

 ble after reason for dissatisfaction has been found. 



Communications should be addressed: 

 THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 



506-7-8 Manning Chambers, 



TORONTO, CANADA 



ANOTHER CONFERENCE NEEDED 



The need for the holding of another Dominion 

 Fruit Conference next year is so pronounced, 

 and the desire that it should be held is so great, 

 it is to be hoped that nothing will occur to pre- 

 vent one being held. It is important that 

 these conferences should be held at regular 

 intervals. Every year, questions of more 

 than provincial interest have to be dealt with 

 by the growers in each province. These matters 

 are disposed of in different ways in the various 

 provinces. At a Dominion conference the 

 various lines of procedure that have been 

 adopted are considered, and uniform action 

 agreed upon. The sizes of packages is a case in 

 point. When a long period is allowed to elapse 

 between conferences, it is more difficult to secure 

 harmony of action and time is lost by the dele- 

 gates in getting acquainted with each other. 



We trust that Hon. .Sydney Fisher will 

 recognize the importance of the questions that 

 require consideration, as outhned in this issue 

 by Sec. Hodgetts of the Ontario Fruit Growers' 

 Association. They do not cover the field, but 

 in themselves are of sufficient importance to 

 warrant the holding of another conference next 

 year. This is another of those matters in which 

 the fruit growers of the Dominion would have 

 greater confidence that their desires would 



be complied with were the fruit division of the 

 Dominion Department of Agriculture under a 

 commissioner responsible only to the Minister 

 of Agriculture. 



AN EASTERN STATION REQUIRED 



Since our remarks in the August issue respect- 

 ing the establishment of an inspection and fumi- 

 gation station near the eastern border of British 

 Columbia, for the handling of nursery stock 

 from eastern Canada, many letters have been 

 received from growers who emphasize the im- 

 portance of such a move on the part of the 

 Government of that province. By the present 

 state of affairs, the British Columbia fruit grower 

 is excluded from the benefit of the competition 

 between nursery firms, of eastern nurseries, 

 and when he does import eastern trees he has to 

 pay a much higher price than he otherwise 

 would. Such a law as that in force in British 

 Columbia might almost be considered a direct 

 violation of the Confederation Act. It means 

 that the nurserymen of the province of Ontario 

 cannot ship goods to the province of British 

 Columbia under as favorable conditions as 

 nurserymen in two states in a foreign country. 



In the case of customs, the port of entry is 

 always where the goods are entered, and if the 

 goods are not examined there, they are sent 

 through in bond to a local custom liouse officer. 

 All means are taken to facilitate the importation 

 of nursery stock from the states. In this case, 

 however, the port of entry is at the back door 

 of the province. It is the same as saying that 

 goods from the province of Quebec consigned to 

 growers in Eastern Ontario had first to go 

 through and be examined at Windsor. Besides 

 these arbitrary measures, eastern nurserymen 

 are required to put up a 82,000 guarantee bond 

 before they are allowed to sell stock in the 

 province of British Columbia, and their sales- 

 men are obliged also to pay a license fee ef $5. 



The control of these matters seems to be in 

 the hands of the Board of Horticulture at 

 Victoria, some of whose members appear to be 

 determined to freeze out all eastern nursery 

 concerns. The inspection and fumigation 

 station, also, is under the control of men who 

 have some singular occurrences to account for. 

 A few seasons ago an Ontario nursery firm 

 shipped some trees that were perfectly healthy, 

 but had a few hail marks. The inspectors 

 treated the hail marks with acid, for San Jose 

 scale, and not being exactly sure what was the 

 matter, forwarded them to the Central Experi- 

 mental Farm at Ottawa. The Ottawa officials 

 identified the injury as hail marks. Some of 

 these inspectors, through their lack of knowledge 

 of varieties, have been known to condemn trees 

 of a variety which naturally is a poor grower 

 but which may te first-class trees of their own 

 kind, although _ only third-class of another 

 variety, more vigorous and thrifty. 



An argument of the British Columbia govern- 

 ment against the importation of eastern trees is 

 based on the question of injurious insects and 

 fungous diseases. They contend that eastern 

 trees are more liable to be infested with pests 

 than those grown in the coast states. Direct 

 evidence proves this contention to be erroneous. 

 An excellent illustration was furnished this 

 spring. In fifteen cars of trees imported from 

 the western states, about 3.5,000 were con- 

 demned, or 2,333 trees in each car. In two 

 cars from Ontario, 523 were condemned, or 261 

 in each car. An ordinary car, twenty-six feet 

 long, will hold about 16,000 trees. Calculated 

 on this basis, fourteen per cent, of the United 

 States trees imported are condemned, and only 

 two per cent, of those from Ontario. This 

 shows that eastern trees are the most free from 

 pests. 



It is encouraging to find that leading publica- 

 tions in the fruit centres of British Columbia, 

 such as The Inland Sentinel, of Kamloops, are 

 outspoken in favor of a change in the present 

 arrangement. Once the fruit growers of British 



Columbia realize fully the handicap they art 

 laboring under they will demand and secure 

 the needed reform. 



WILL VISIT THE WEST 



No better evidence that The Canadian- 

 Horticulturist is a national pubUcation in 

 every sense of the word, is afforded than by thi 

 fact that its circulation extends from the Atlantic 

 to the Pacific. During the past year the circula 

 tion of The Canadian Horticulturist ha'^ 

 grown more rapidly in the outlying provinceb 

 than it has in Ontario, the province of publica- 

 tion. 



The greatest proportionate increase has taken 

 place in British Columbia, where the circulation 

 of The Canadian Horticulturist has increased 

 more during the last six months than during the 

 previous thirty years. Our western advertising 

 has increased in proportion. These facts are 

 only an evidence of the great development that 

 is taking place in the fruit and horticultural in- 

 terestsof the west. Desiring to keep inclose touch 

 with western horticultural interests, arrange- 

 ments have been made by which a member 

 of our staff will visit the west, including British 

 Columbia, during September. Our represent- 

 ative will tour the principal fruit centres, 

 and later will contribute a series of articles to 

 our columns dealing with conditions in the west, 

 and with the prospects for further develop- 

 ment, as he finds them. It is our desire to estab- 

 lish The Canadian Horticulturist on broad 

 national lines, and we hope that the results of the 

 proposed articles will assist in bringing the 

 fruit men from one end of Canada to the other 

 into closer touch with each other. 



I 



Fruit growers in the western provinces should 

 be cautious about buying from nursery firms 

 that they do not know. There are some United 

 States firms operating in the west who represent 

 their stock as grown at Calgary, or elsewhere in 

 the west as the case may be. The fact is that 

 the stock is grown in the states, and in some cases 

 in the south, and imported from there into 

 Canada and distributed from a central point 

 in the west to western growers. It is folly to 

 expect such stock to do well. As a rule, it is to» 

 tender to withstand the rigorous climate of the 

 west. Besides, it is delayed at the border for 

 fumigation and inspection and, as a consequence, 

 arrives late and much impaired in vigor. A 

 letter from one grower in the west states: 

 "Out of five hundred trees that I bought from a 

 firm of this kind, only three or four are alive." 

 It would be well for western fruit growers to 

 purchase their trees from Canadian nurserymen, 

 preferably those whose climatic conditions are 

 somewhat similar to their own. 



Iced Cars for Fruit 



W. W. Moore, Chief, Markets Division, Ottawa 



The Dominion Department of Agriculture 

 has arranged again this year with the Grand 

 Trunk and Canadian Pacific Railways to provide 

 iced cars for the transportation of fruit shipped 

 to Montreal and Quebec for export, during the 

 months of August and September; the cost of 

 icing to the extent of So a car to be assumed by 

 the department. The agreement provides that 

 these two railway companies will, during the 

 period named, on proper application from 

 shippers, supply as far as practicable, iced cars 

 for the transportation of fruit in carloads, the 

 minimum weight to be 24,000 pounds. This 

 arrangement will also apply in the case of les.'; 

 than carload shipments when forwarded in one 

 car by one or more consignors from any one 

 station, provided the aggregate weight of the 

 shipments is not less than 24,000 pounds. **'' ^ 



The ice is to be supplied on the basis of $2.50 

 a ton of 2,000 pounds, and when more than $5 

 worth is supplied the shipper or consignee must 

 pay the excess amount. '5j .Shippers are expected 



