November. 1907 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



289 



Affects Color of Apples 



In a recent bulletin of the Geneva Experiment 

 Station, Prof. U. P. Hedrick summarizes the 

 effects produced on the color of apples by wood 

 ashes and acid phosphate thus: Because of 

 the condition of the growth of plant, manner of 

 development of the product, and nature of both 

 plant and product, the apple is difficult to deal 

 with experimentally in the matter of fertiliza- 

 tion. The apple growers in New York should 

 give attention to the fertility of their soils, for 

 the orchards are growing old; the soil of some 

 orchards was not originally fertile, and double 

 cropping has exhausted the fertility of many 

 orchards. This experiment has to do with 

 potash, phosphoric acid and lime as found in 

 wood ashes and acid phosphate. It was begun 

 in 1S93 and was completed in 1904. The seat 

 of the experiment is a 55-)'ear-old plat on the 

 station groimds. The location is a sloping 

 upland with a heavy medium clay soil. The 

 orchard has been in grass several years before 

 the experiment. 



Throughout the experiment the orchard was 

 given clean cultivation until about August 1, 

 and was then seeded to a cover crop of oats, 

 barley or clover. The trees were 43 years old 

 when the experiment was started. There were 

 94 trees in the test, representing the following 

 varieties: Baldwin, Greening, Roxbury, and 

 Korthern Spy. 



The effects of the fertilizer were measured by 

 two standards, yield of fruit and color of fruit. 

 From a financial standpoint, the results are 

 practically negative. The estimated increase 

 in value of the crop on treated plats for a hypo- 

 thetical five acres is $99. The estimated value 

 of the fertilizers for the above area is $74.50, 

 leaving a gain of but $24.50, which does not more 

 than pay for handling the fertilizers. An inter- 

 esting fact is that both treated and untreated 



H.H.&S.BUDGETT&CO.,LiMiTED 



BRISTOL, ENGLAND 



Importers of Canadian Apples. Liberal allowances 

 made to reputable shipi>ers on bills of lading at 

 Montreal Write at once for further particulars re- 

 garding our method of disposing, and payment for 

 first-class Canadian fruit. 



IF YOU HAVE APPLES 

 OR POULTRY TO CONSIGN 



we can handle them for you to 

 advantage. If apples are in car 

 lots, write us and we can sell 

 them for you f.o.b. your station 



THE DAWSON COMMISSION CO. 



Cor. West Market and Cdbome St. 



ONTARIO 



r TORONTO 



APPLES 



BOUGHT 

 OR SOLD 



GEO. VIPOND & CO. 



MONTREAL - QUEBEC 



Branch — WuiDipcs, Man. 

 Mention The Horticulturist when writing 



plats increased markedly in yield from 1893 to 

 1904. The results as to color of fruit lack 

 imiformity, and were not decided enough to 

 enable us to state that the fertilizers applied 

 improved the color of the apples. The influ- 

 ence on color was most marked in the seasons 

 when the climatic conditions were unfavorable 

 to the development of the fruit. 



This experiment showed that 57 years of 

 orchard cropping has not reduced the soil of the 

 station orchard to the condition where it needs 

 a complete fertilizer. The fact that plowing 

 under leguminous crops gives beneficial effects 

 in the orchard, shows that the soil is having a 

 one-sided wear. It needs nitrogen and humus 

 rather than potash and phosphoric acid. 



The great improvement in the class of 

 ships using the St. Lawrence route to Great 

 Britain has done much to encourage travel- 

 lers to choose that route. The latest addi- 

 tion to the fleet is the S.S. Grampian of the 

 Allan Line. This ship arrived in Montreal 

 from Glasgow on Oct. 1. A representative 

 of The Can.adian Horticulturist, while 

 in Montreal recently, inspected the cold 

 storage appartments on this ship. They are 

 in every way adapted for the successful 

 carrying of fruit to the British markets. 

 The passenger accommodation is better than 

 that usually found on this class of ships. 



TARGET 



4 POULTRY DEPT. i 



"J C ondvioted bx W* 



Q S. SHort. Ottawa £■ 



Farm Poultry vs. Fancy 



In the last issue of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist it was promised that these subjects 

 would be continued in this issue. The object 

 in view in writing on the above question is to 

 try to show the advantages of the latter phase 

 of poultry culture over the former. With farm 

 poultry, it is meant ordinary barnyard poultry, 

 good layers, perhaps, and hardy, good-sized 

 market fowl. The owner is restricted to two 

 channels of revenue — the sale of eggs and the 

 sale of dressed or live birds for table purposes. 



In order to make a livelihood with farm poul- 

 try, a large number of fowls must be kept. Ex- 

 perts say $1 profit per hen annually is a fair 

 profit. To make that amount per hen, it would 

 mean that 700 or 1,000 hens would need to be 

 kept. It woidd require an active, intelligent 

 person to look after that number, and no man 

 of average ability, in the prime of life, would 

 work for less than $700 per annum, nor could 

 he, when the upward price of the necessities of 

 life are considered. My opinion is that 50 cents 



mm 



scAitm^S^' 



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 destruction of San Jose Scale. If your orchards are infested with this troublesome post you 

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harmless to trees or fruit, and effective In operation. It la a soluble oil, which, when diluted— 

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 the tree. 



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is more effective, less disagreeable to handle, and costs no more than Lime-Sulphur Wash 

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A 



W. H. BRAND, Canadian Representative, JORDAN STATION, ONT. 



